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We demonstrate that the mode number of Andreev bound states in bilayer graphene Josephson junctions can be modulated by controlling the superconducting coherence length in situ. By exploiting the quadratic band dispersion of bilayer graphene, we control the Fermi velocity and thus the coherence length via the application of electrostatic gating. Tunneling spectroscopy of the Andreev bound states reveals a crossover from short to long Josephson junction regimes as we approach the charge neutral point of the bilayer graphene. Furthermore, analysis of different mode numbers of the Andreev energy spectrum allows us to estimate the phase-dependent Josephson current quantitatively. Our work provides a new way for studying multi-mode Andreev levels by tuning the Fermi velocity.

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• In Copyright
  

  © 2024 American Physical Society

Keyword: Andreev bound states, Bilayer graphene, Josephson junction

Date published: 2024-05-30

Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)

Journal:

• Physical Review Letters (ISSN: 10797114) vol. 132 issue. 22 p. 226301-226301 226301

Funding:

• National Research Foundation of Korea 2021R1A6A1A10042944
• National Research Foundation of Korea 2022M3H4A1A04074153
• National Research Foundation of Korea RS-2023-00207732
• National Research Foundation of Korea RS-2023-00208291
• National Research Foundation of Korea 2023M3K5A1094810
• National Research Foundation of Korea 2023M3K5A1094813
• Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea IITP-2022-RS-2022-00164799
• Air Force Office of Scientific Research FA2386-22-1-4061
• Institute of Basic Science IBS-R014-D1
• Samsung Science and Technology Foundation SSTF-BA2101-06
• Samsung Science and Technology Foundation SSTF-BA2002-05
• Samsung IO201207-07801-01
• Japan Society for the Promotion of Science 21H05233
• Japan Society for the Promotion of Science 23H02052
• Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
• Basic Science Research Institute Fund 2021R1A6A1A10042944
• World Premier International Research Center Initiative

Manuscript type: Author's version (Accepted manuscript)

MDR DOI:

First published URL: https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.132.226301

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Updated at: 2025-08-28 08:30:38 +0900

Published on MDR: 2025-08-28 08:18:03 +0900