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The uniaxial deformation behavior of low-carbon ferritic steels with grain sizes of 0.47 μm and 1.5 μm was investigated using in situ neutron diffraction measurements under both tensile and compressive loading. The analysis focused on the evolution of lattice (elastic) strains, originating from anisotropy in elastic moduli and differences in plastic flow among grains. Such plastic strain incompatibilities produce intergranular lattice strains (or stresses). The experiments revealed substantial residual intergranular lattice strains following both tensile and compressive plastic deformation. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed the grain-size dependence of dislocation structures formed during plastic flow, suggesting that plastic relaxation near grain boundaries becomes increasingly constrained with grain refinement. Overall, the results demonstrate that the magnitude of residual intergranular lattice strains increases as grain size decreases from several tens of micrometers down to 0.5 μm.

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• In Copyright
  

Keyword: nanoindentation

Date published: 2025-09-22

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Journal:

• Materials Science and Engineering: A (ISSN: 09215093) vol. 946 149136

Funding:

• National Institute for Materials Science 2012P0102
• National Institute for Materials Science 2014P0102

Manuscript type: Author's version (Submitted manuscript)

MDR DOI: https://doi.org/10.48505/nims.5997

First published URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2025.149136

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Updated at: 2025-12-12 08:30:20 +0900

Published on MDR: 2025-12-12 08:24:05 +0900