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We review atomistic spin model studies, a new approach for theoretical investigations, on magnetic properties of permanent magnets. In the atomistic modeling, the microscopic details of magnetic parameters and lattice structures are realistically considered, and the temperature effect, including thermal fluctuation, is properly treated based on statistical physics methods: Monte Carlo methods and stochastic Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation methods. We introduce how to treat thermal effects for static and dynamical properties using these methods. Focusing especially on neodymium permanent magnets, we discuss features of magnetization, domain wall, coercivity of a grain, nucleation and pinning fields, and dysprosium substitution effect, which were first elucidated with those methods.

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• In Copyright
  

Keyword: atomistic spin model, thermal fluctuation, permanent magnets, stochastic Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation, Monte Carlo method

Date published: 2025-01-01

Publisher: Japan Institute of Metals

Journal:

• MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS (ISSN: 13459678) vol. 66 issue. 1 p. 1-16 MT-M2024132

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Manuscript type: Publisher's version (Version of record)

MDR DOI:

First published URL: https://doi.org/10.2320/matertrans.mt-m2024132

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Updated at: 2025-11-28 16:30:11 +0900

Published on MDR: 2025-11-28 16:21:58 +0900