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Energy harvesting is essential for the internet-of-things networks where a tremendous number of sensors require power. Thermoelectric generators (TEGs), especially those based on silicon (Si), are a promising source of clean and sustainable energy for these sensors. However, the reported performance of Si TEGs never exceeded power factors of 0.1 μW〖cm〗^(-2) K^(-2) due to the poor thermoelectric performance of Si and the suboptimal design of the devices. Here, we report a planar-type Si TEG with a power factor of 1.3 μW〖cm〗^(-2) K^(-2). The increase in thermoelectric performance of Si by nanostructuring based on the phonon-glass electron-crystal concept and optimized three-dimensional heat-guiding structures resulted in a significant power factor. In-field testing demonstrated that our Si TEG functions as a 100-W-class harvester. This result is an essential step toward energy harvesting with a low-environmental load and cost-effective material with high throughput, a necessary condition for energy-autonomous sensor nodes for the trillion sensors universe.

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• Creative Commons BY-NC-ND Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International
  

Keyword: thermoelectric

Date published: 2024-05-07

Publisher: Elsevier

Journal:

• Materials Today Physics (ISSN: 25425293) vol. 45 101452

Funding:

Manuscript type: Publisher's version (Version of record)

MDR DOI:

First published URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtphys.2024.101452

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Updated at: 2024-10-07 14:41:45 +0900

Published on MDR: 2024-10-07 14:41:45 +0900