Quadrupolar excitons and hybridized interlayer Mott insulator in a trilayer moiré superlattice

Zhen Lian; Dongxue Chen; Lei Ma; Yuze Meng; Ying Su; Li Yan; Xiong Huang; Qiran Wu; Xinyue Chen; Mark Blei; Takashi Taniguchi; Kenji Watanabe; Sefaattin Tongay; Chuanwei Zhang; Yong-Tao Cui; Su-Fei Shi

doi:10.1038/s41467-023-40288-9

Journal article Quadrupolar excitons and hybridized interlayer Mott insulator in a trilayer moiré superlattice

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Zhen Lian, Dongxue Chen, Lei Ma, Yuze Meng, Ying Su, Li Yan, Xiong Huang, Qiran Wu, Xinyue Chen, Mark Blei, Takashi Taniguchi, Kenji Watanabe, Sefaattin Tongay, Chuanwei Zhang, Yong-Tao Cui, Su-Fei Shi. Quadrupolar excitons and hybridized interlayer Mott insulator in a trilayer moiré superlattice. Nature Communications. 2023, 14 (1), 4604. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-40288-9

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Transitional metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) moiré superlattices, owing to the moiré flatbands and strong correlation, can host periodic electron crystals and fascinating correlated physics. The TMDC heterojunctions in the type-II alignment also enable long-lived interlayer excitons, which is promising for realizing bosonic crystal in the setting of moiré exciton flatbands. The strong repulsion between interlayer excitons challenges such a goal, while the repulsion can be significantly reduced in quadrupolar excitons. Here we demonstrate WSe2-WS2-WSe2 trilayer moiré superlattice as a platform to simultaneously host quadruple excitons and an interlayer Mott insulator state, both stemming from the hybridization of WSe2 valance bands. The quadrupolar excitons exhibit a quadratic dependence on electric field, distinctively different from the linear Stark shift of the dipolar excitons from moiré heterobilayers. The system exhibits a hybridized interlayer Mott insulator state when the two WSe2 layers share one hole laterally confined in one moiré unit cell, while the hole occupation probability in each layer can be continuously tuned via an out-of-plane electric field, reaching 100% in the top or bottom WSe2 under a large electric field, accompanying the transition from quadrupolar excitons to dipolar excitons. Our work demonstrates a trilayer moiré system as a new exciting playground for realizing novel correlated states and engineering quantum phase transitions

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