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Description:

Bacterial extracellular vesicles are emerging as key mediators of horizontal gene transfer, enhancing microbial adaptability. A critical factor determining the effectiveness of horizontal gene transfer is the fraction of vesicles containing specific functional genes. However, the proportion of containing specific DNA fragments has not been adequately determined, which hinders the understanding of the conditions and mechanisms that facilitate the incorporation of specific genes into the vesicles and possible evolutionary roles of vesicle-derived DNA. Here, we demonstrate that enrichment of horizontally transferred genes into bacterial extracellular vesicles is driven by cellular processes by profiling the DNA content of hundreds of individual vesicles using a microdroplet-based sequencing technique.

Rights:

• Creative Commons BY Attribution 4.0 International
  

Keyword: membrane vesicle, horizontal gene transfer, oral microbiota, CRISPR-Cas

Date published: 2025-01-02

Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)

Journal:

• The ISME Journal (ISSN: 17517362) vol. 19 issue. 1 wraf193

Funding:

• JST JPMJPR19H1
• JST 24028593
• JSPS 22H02265
• JSPS 24K17823
• The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development 19gm6010002h0004
• The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development 21ae0121044h0001
• Advanced Research Infrastructure for Materials and Nanotechnology in Japan of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) PMXP1224NM5397

Manuscript type: Publisher's version (Version of record)

MDR DOI:

First published URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/ismejo/wraf193

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Updated at: 2026-01-22 09:56:49 +0900

Published on MDR: 2026-01-22 12:26:36 +0900