Impact of surface functional group modification on cellular internalization and cytotoxicity of silica nanoparticles

Sandra Vranic; Eri Watanabe; Kyoka Yamazaki; Takatsugu Wakahara; Kayoko Miyakawa; Sakie Takeuchi; Yurika Osada; Sahoko Ichihara; Wenting Wu; Cai Zong; Toshihiro Sakurai; Akira Sato; Yasushi Hara; Akihiko Ikegami; Yuya Terashima; Kouji Matsushima; Toshihiro Suzuki; Ryo Abe; Sonja Boland; Lang Tran; Gaku Ichihara

doi:10.1186/s12989-025-00653-6

Journal article Impact of surface functional group modification on cellular internalization and cytotoxicity of silica nanoparticles

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Sandra Vranic, Eri Watanabe, Kyoka Yamazaki, Takatsugu Wakahara, Kayoko Miyakawa, Sakie Takeuchi, Yurika Osada, Sahoko Ichihara, Wenting Wu, Cai Zong, Toshihiro Sakurai, Akira Sato, Yasushi Hara, Akihiko Ikegami, Yuya Terashima, Kouji Matsushima, Toshihiro Suzuki, Ryo Abe, Sonja Boland, Lang Tran, Gaku Ichihara. Impact of surface functional group modification on cellular internalization and cytotoxicity of silica nanoparticles. Particle and Fibre Toxicology. 2025, 23 (1), 9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12989-025-00653-6

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Silica nanoparticles (SiO2NPs) are widely used in industrial products. Surface modification of SiO2NPs is one of the promising strategies to develop safer nanomaterials by design. The present study was designed to determine the effects of amino or carboxyl functionalization of rhodamine-labeled SiO2NPs on cellular uptake
and cytotoxicity.
NH2- or COOH-functionalization reduced the harmful changes observed with OH- SiO2NPs, which included increase in lung weight and BALF neutrophils at low dose in mice as well as decrease in cell viability and upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines in RAW264.7 macrophages. The results suggested that OH-SiO2NPs-induced cytotoxicity against macrophages was mediated at least in part through apoptotic/necroptotic signaling but was not related to internalization of particles. The results imply possible development of safer silica nanoparticles by amino- or carboxyl-functionalization of their silanols.

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