Article Adiabatic transverse thermoelectric conversion enhanced by heat current manipulation in artificially tilted multilayers

Fuyuki Ando SAMURAI ORCID ; Takamasa Hirai SAMURAI ORCID ; Hiroto Adachi ORCID ; Ken-ichi Uchida SAMURAI ORCID

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Fuyuki Ando, Takamasa Hirai, Hiroto Adachi, Ken-ichi Uchida. Adiabatic transverse thermoelectric conversion enhanced by heat current manipulation in artificially tilted multilayers. Physical Review Applied. 2025, 23 (6), 064061. https://doi.org/10.1103/gqvy-p5p1

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(abstract)

We phenomenologically formulate and experimentally observe an adiabatic transverse thermoelectric conversion enhanced by a heat current re-orientation in artificially tilted multilayers (ATMLs). By alternately stacking two materials with different thermal conductivities and rotating its multilayered structure with respect to a longitudinal temperature gradient, off-diagonal components in the thermal conductivity tensor are induced. This off-diagonal thermal conduction (ODTC) generates a finite transverse temperature gradient and Seebeck-effect-induced thermopower in the adiabatic condition, which is superposed on the isothermal transverse thermopower driven by the off-diagonal Seebeck effect. In this study, we calculate and observe the two-dimensional temperature distribution and the resultant transverse thermoelectric conversion in ATMLs comprising thermoelectric Co2MnGa Heusler alloys and Bi2-aSbaTe3 compounds. By changing the tilt angle from 0° to 90°, the transverse temperature gradient obviously appeared in the middle angles and the transverse thermopower increases up to -121.9 μV/K in Co2MnGa/Bi0.2Sb1.8Te3-based ATML at the tilt angle of 45° whereas the isothermal contribution is estimated to be -82.6 μV/K from the analytical calculation. This hybrid action derived from ODTC results in the significant enhancement of the maximum reduced conversion efficiency from 3.1% to 8.1% in calculation and from 2.3% to 4.4% in experiment.

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Keyword: transverse thermoelectric conversion, off-diagonal thermal conductivity, off-diagonal Seebeck effect, artificially tilted multilayer

Date published: 2025-06-26

Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)

Journal:

  • Physical Review Applied (ISSN: 23317019) vol. 23 issue. 6 064061

Funding:

  • JST JPMJER2201 (ERATO "Magnetic Thermal Management Materials")
  • JSPS 24K17610 (Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research KAKENHI)
  • NEC corporation

Manuscript type: Author's version (Accepted manuscript)

MDR DOI: https://doi.org/10.48505/nims.5558

First published URL: https://doi.org/10.1103/gqvy-p5p1

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Updated at: 2025-07-03 16:30:23 +0900

Published on MDR: 2025-07-03 16:21:28 +0900

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