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We report on the observation of the circular ratchet effect excited by terahertz laser radiation in specially designed two-dimensional metamaterial formed by a graphene monolayer deposited on a graphite gate patterned with an array of triangular antidots. We show that a periodically driven Dirac fermion system with spatial asymmetry transforms the a.c. power into a d.c. current, whose direction reverses upon switching the radiation helicity. The circular ratchet effect is demonstrated for room temperature and radiation frequency of 2.54 THz. It is shown that the ratchet current magnitude can be controllably tuned by the patterned and uniform back gate voltages. The results are analyzed in a view of the developed microscopical theory considering electronic and plasmonic mechanisms of the ratchet current formation.

Rights:

• Creative Commons BY Attribution 4.0 International
  

Keyword: Circular ratchet effect, graphene, terahertz laser radiation

Date published: 2024-06-21

Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)

Journal:

• Physical Review Research (ISSN: 26431564) vol. 6 issue. 2 023308

Funding:

• Volkswagen Foundation 97738
• Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft 426094608 (ER 612/2-1)
• European Commission 101053716
• Japan Society for the Promotion of Science 20H00354
• Japan Society for the Promotion of Science 23H02052
• Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
• Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft 314695032–SFB 1277
• Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft 448955585 (Ga501/18)

Manuscript type: Publisher's version (Version of record)

MDR DOI:

First published URL: https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevresearch.6.023308

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Updated at: 2025-02-23 22:47:08 +0900

Published on MDR: 2025-02-23 22:47:08 +0900