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説明:

Transverse thermoelectric effects interconvert charge and heat currents in orthogonal directions due to the breaking of either time-reversal symmetry or structural symmetry, enabling simple and versatile thermal energy harvesting and solid-state cooling/heating within single materials. In comparison to the complex module structures required for the conventional Seebeck and Peltier effects, the transverse thermoelectric effects provide the complete device structures, potentially resolving the fundamental issue of multi-module degradation of thermoelectric conversion performance. This review article provides an overview of all currently known transverse thermoelectric conversion phenomena and principles, as well as their characteristics, and reclassifies them in a unified manner. The performance of the transverse thermoelectric generator, refrigerator, and active cooler is formulated, showing that thermal boundary conditions play an essential role in discussion on their behaviors. Examples of recent application research and material development in transverse thermoelectrics are also introduced, followed by a discussion of future prospects.

権利情報:

• Creative Commons BY Attribution 4.0 International
  

キーワード: transverse thermoelectrics, thermoelectric generation, electronic cooling, magnetic material, spin caloritronics

刊行年月日: 2025-09-01

出版者: IOP Publishing

掲載誌:

• Applied Physics Express (ISSN: 18820778) vol. 18 issue. 9 090101

研究助成金:

• Japan Science and Technology Agency JPMJER2201

原稿種別: 出版者版 (Version of record)

MDR DOI:

公開URL: https://doi.org/10.35848/1882-0786/adf700

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更新時刻: 2025-09-03 12:30:36 +0900

MDRでの公開時刻: 2025-09-03 12:20:37 +0900