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Thermodynamically metastable glasses that can contain metastable species are important functional materials. X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy is an effective technique for determining the valence states of cations, especially for the doping element in phosphors. Herein, we first confirm the valence change of silver cations from monovalent to trivalent in aluminophosphate glasses by X-ray irradiation using a combination of Ag L3-edge XANES, electron spin resonance, and simulated XANES spectra based on first-principles calculations. The absorption edge of the experimental and simulated XANES spectra demonstrate the spectral features of Ag(III), confirming that AgO exists as Ag(I)Ag(III)O2. A part of Ag(I) changes to Ag(III) by X-ray irradiation, and the generation of Ag(III) is saturated after high irradiation doses, in good agreement with conventional radiophotoluminescence (RPL) behaviour. The structural modelling based on a combination of quantum beam analysis suggests that the local coordination of Ag cations is similar to that of Ag(III), which is confirmed by density functional theory calculations. This demonstration of Ag(III) in glass overturns the conventional understanding of the RPL mechanism of silver cations, redefining the science of silver-related materials.

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• Creative Commons BY Attribution 4.0 International
  

Keyword: Glass, Radiophotoluminescence, X-ray diffraction, Neutron diffraction, Reverse Monte Carlo, Density functional theory, X-ray absorption fine structure

Date published: 2024-02-26

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Journal:

• Scientific Reports (ISSN: 20452322) vol. 14 4638

Funding:

• Japan Society for the Promotion of Science 18H01714
• Japan Society for the Promotion of Science 20H05881

Manuscript type: Publisher's version (Version of record)

MDR DOI:

First published URL: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-55014-8

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Updated at: 2024-03-28 12:30:33 +0900

Published on MDR: 2024-03-28 12:30:33 +0900