Article Highly efficient lateral spin valve device based on graphene/hBN/Fe3GeTe2

Jan Bärenfänger ; Klaus Zollner ; Lukas Cvitkovich ; Kenji Watanabe SAMURAI ORCID (National Institute for Materials Science) ; Takashi Taniguchi SAMURAI ORCID (National Institute for Materials Science) ; Stefan Hartl ; Jaroslav Fabian ; Jonathan Eroms ; Dieter Weiss ; Mariusz Ciorga

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Jan Bärenfänger, Klaus Zollner, Lukas Cvitkovich, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Stefan Hartl, Jaroslav Fabian, Jonathan Eroms, Dieter Weiss, Mariusz Ciorga. Highly efficient lateral spin valve device based on graphene/hBN/Fe3GeTe2. 2D Materials. 2025, 12 (4), 045008. https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1583/adf453

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(abstract)

In this work we report efficient out-of-plane spin injection and detection in an all-van der Waals based heterostructure using only exfoliated 2D materials. We demonstrate spin injection by measuring spin-valve and Hanle signals in non-local transport in a stack of Fe3GeTe2 (FGT), hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) and graphene layers. FGT flakes form the spin aligning electrodes necessary to inject and detect spins in the graphene channel. The hBN tunnel barrier provides a high-quality interface between the ferromagnetic electrodes and graphene, eliminating the conductivity mismatch problem, thus ensuring efficient spin injection and detection with spin injection efficiencies of up to P = 40 %. Our results demonstrate that FGT/hBN/graphene heterostructures form a promising platform for realizing 2D van der Waals spintronic devices.

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Keyword: spin valve, graphene/hBN/Fe3GeTe2, spin injection

Date published: 2025-10-01

Publisher: IOP Publishing

Journal:

  • 2D Materials (ISSN: 20531583) vol. 12 issue. 4 045008

Funding:

  • Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology JPMJCR24A5
  • Narodowe Centrum Nauki 2022/45/B/ST5/04292
  • HORIZON EUROPE European Innovation Council 2DSPIN-TECH (Project No. 101135853)
  • Japan Society for the Promotion of Science 21H05233
  • Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft SFB 1277 (Proj. No. 314695032

Manuscript type: Publisher's version (Version of record)

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First published URL: https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1583/adf453

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Updated at: 2026-03-03 08:30:08 +0900

Published on MDR: 2026-03-02 17:20:29 +0900

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