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Cryogenic cooling technology, widely used in medical applications such as magnetic resonance imaging and other fields, relies heavily on critical resources, including helium gas and heavy rare-earth elements. With the growing demand for cryogenic cooling in the near future, the development of alternative technologies that do not depend on such scarce resources has become imperative. This study introduces cold storage materials, known as regenerator materials, made from abundant elements such as copper, iron, and aluminum. These regenerator materials function as Gifford-McMahon cryocoolers. By utilizing the significant magnetic heat capacity generated through the "spin frustration" effect—a phenomenon arising from competition among magnetic interactions—the regenerator material CuFe1₋xAlxO2 achieves cooling below the helium condensation temperature. Notably, its cooling capacity below 10 K shows performance comparable to conventional materials based on heavy rare-earth elements. This work shows the potential of using non-rare-earth magnetic materials as cryogenic regenerator materials and contributes to the development of environmentally sustainable cryogenic cooling technologies, paving the way for a cleaner and more sustainable future.

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• Creative Commons BY Attribution 4.0 International
  

Keyword: cryogenic cooling, GM cryocooler, regenerator, spin frustration

Date published: 2025-11-28

Publisher: Springer Nature

Journal:

• Scientific Reports (ISSN: 20452322) vol. 15 issue. 1

Funding:

• JST JPMJTR24T1 (A-STEP)
• JSPS 22H00297 (KAKENHI)

Manuscript type: Author's version (Accepted manuscript)

MDR DOI: https://doi.org/10.48505/nims.6052

First published URL: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-29709-5

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Updated at: 2025-12-23 09:49:55 +0900

Published on MDR: 2025-12-23 12:19:50 +0900