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Synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) containing unmethylated cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) motifs (CpG-ODNs) are ligand molecules for Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), which is expressed by odontoblasts in vitro and dental pulp cells. This study determined the effects of CpG-ODNs on pulpal immunomodulatory response and repair following injury. Briefly, the upper right first molars of three-week-old mice were extracted, immersed in Type A (D35) or B (K3) CpG-ODN solutions (0.1 or 0.8 mM) for 30 min, and then replanted. Pulpal healing and immunomodulatory activity were assessed by hematoxylin-eosin and AZAN staining, as well as immunohistochemistry. One week following the operation, inflammatory reactions occurred in all of the experimental groups; however, re-revascularization and newly formed hard tissue deposition were observed in the pulp chamber of all groups at week 2. A positive trend in the expression of immune cell markers was observed toward the CpG-ODN groups at 0.1 mM. Our data suggest that synthetic CpG-ODN solutions at low concentrations may evoke a long-lasting macrophage-TLR9-mediated pro-inflammatory, rather than anti-inflammatory, response in the dental pulp to modulate the repair process and hard tissue formation. Further studies are needed to determine the effects of current immunomodulatory agents in vitro and in vivo and develop treatment strategies for dental tissue regeneration.

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• Creative Commons BY Attribution 4.0 International
  

Keyword: dental pulp, CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG ODN), Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), mice, odontoblasts, tooth replantation, tooth injuries

Date published: 2024-08-01

Publisher: MDPI AG

Journal:

• Biomolecules (ISSN: 2218273X) vol. 14 issue. 8 931

Funding:

• Japan Society for the Promotion of Science P20412 (日本学術振興会、JSPS)
• JSPS KAKENHI 22K21011 (日本学術振興会、JSPS)
• JSPS KAKENHI 23H03078 (日本学術振興会、JSPS)

Manuscript type: Publisher's version (Version of record)

MDR DOI:

First published URL: https://doi.org/10.3390/biom14080931

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Updated at: 2024-11-19 16:31:27 +0900

Published on MDR: 2024-11-19 16:31:27 +0900