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We have investigated the image potential states (IPSs) for the unreconstructed Ir(001)-(1 × 1) and the reconstructed Ir(001)-(5 × 1) surfaces by using two-photon photoemission spectroscopy. We reveal that the Ir(001)-(5 × 1) reconstructed surface covered by Xe adatoms exhibits a band gap of 100 meV, which arises from the new periodic potential created by the reconstruction, whereas no band gap was observed on the Ir(001)-(1 × 1) surface within the measured momentum range. The experimental results are compared with the theoretical ones obtained within density functional theory for both the clean and Xe-covered Ir(001)-(5 × 1) reconstructed surfaces. The planar averaged charge density distributions of the IPS for both the surfaces show that the Xe adsorption does not significantly alter the positions of charge density maxima, which rationalizes why the band gap arising from the substrate superlattice potential does not change significantly upon Xe adsorption. The agreement between the experimentally observed band gap for the IPS on the Xe-covered surface and the theoretical calculations highlights the robustness of IPS behavior under Xe adsorption.

Rights:

• Creative Commons BY Attribution 4.0 International
  

Keyword: Image potential states, Surface reconstruction

Date published: 2025-06-23

Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)

Journal:

• Physical Review Research (ISSN: 26431564) vol. 7 issue. 2

Funding:

• 日本学術振興会 22H01960 (基盤B)

Manuscript type: Publisher's version (Version of record)

MDR DOI:

First published URL: https://doi.org/10.1103/46k5-fft2

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Updated at: 2025-06-25 08:30:32 +0900

Published on MDR: 2025-06-25 08:22:53 +0900