Giant magnetoresistance induced by spin-dependent orbital coupling in Fe3GeTe2/graphene heterostructures

Shiming Huang; Lianying Zhu; Yongxin Zhao; Kenji Watanabe; Takashi Taniguchi; Jie Xiao; Le Wang; Jiawei Mei; Huolin Huang; Feng Zhang; Maoyuan Wang; Deyi Fu; Rong Zhang

doi:10.1038/s41467-025-58224-4

Article Giant magnetoresistance induced by spin-dependent orbital coupling in Fe3GeTe2/graphene heterostructures

Shiming Huang ; Lianying Zhu ; Yongxin Zhao ; Kenji Watanabe (National Institute for Materials Science) ; Takashi Taniguchi (National Institute for Materials Science) ; Jie Xiao ; Le Wang ; Jiawei Mei ; Huolin Huang ; Feng Zhang ; Maoyuan Wang ; Deyi Fu ; Rong Zhang

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Shiming Huang, Lianying Zhu, Yongxin Zhao, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Jie Xiao, Le Wang, Jiawei Mei, Huolin Huang, Feng Zhang, Maoyuan Wang, Deyi Fu, Rong Zhang. Giant magnetoresistance induced by spin-dependent orbital coupling in Fe3GeTe2/graphene heterostructures. Nature Communications. 2025, 16 (1), 2866. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-58224-4

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Information technology has a great demand for magnetoresistance (MR) sensors with high sensitivity and wide-temperature- range operation. It is well known that space charge inhomogeneity in graphene (Gr) leads to finite MR in its pristine form. There are considerable research efforts in improving the MR of graphene by increasing its degree of spatial disorder. Tremendous advancements have been made; however, the enhanced MR usually diminishes drastically as the temperature decreases and even negative MR occurs. Therefore, generating large MR insusceptible to temperature variation in graphene has yet to be realized. Here, by stacking a van der Waals ferromagnet Fe3GeTe2 (FGT) on top of graphene to form an FGT/Gr heterostructure, we demonstrate a positive MR of up to ~ 9400% under a magnetic field of 9 T at room temperature (RT), which is more than one order of magnitude enhancement of MR as compared to pure graphene and sets a record in modified graphene systems reported so far. More strikingly, the giant MR of the FGT/Gr heterostructure sustains over a wide temperature range from RT down to 4 K, with suppressed quantum oscillations. Both control experiments and DFT calculations show that the enhanced MR is originated from spin-dependent orbital coupling between FGT and graphene, which is temperature insensitive. Our results open a new route for realizing high-sensitivity and wide-temperature-range MR sensors.

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