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Description:

Floquet engineering is a promising tool to manipulate quantum systems coherently. A well- known example is the optical Stark effect, which has been used for optical trapping of atoms and breaking time-reversal symmetry in solids. However, as a coherent nonlinear optical effect, Floquet engineering typically requires high field intensities obtained in ultrafast pulses, severely limiting its use. Here, we show that cavity engineering of the vacuum modes can lead to orders-of-magnitude enhancement of the effective Floquet field. We demonstrate Floquet effects at an extremely low fluence of 450 photons/μm2 and, at higher fluences, up to 50 meV spin and valley splitting of WSe2 excitons, corresponding to an enormous time-reversal breaking, non-Maxwellian magnetic field of over 200 T. Utilizing such an optically-controlled magnetic field, we demonstrate an ul- trafast, picojoule chirality XOR gate. These results suggest that cavity Floquet engineering may enable the creation of steady-state or quasi-equilibrium Floquet bands, strongly non-perturbative modifications of materials beyond the reach of other means, and application of Floquet engineering to a wide range of materials and applications.

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• Creative Commons BY Attribution 4.0 International
  

Keyword: Floquet engineering, cavity enhancement, WSe2 excitons

Date published: 2024-09-06

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Journal:

• Nature Communications (ISSN: 20411723) vol. 15 issue. 1 7782

Funding:

• United States Department of Defense | United States Army | U.S. Army Research, Development and Engineering Command | Army Research Office W911NF-17-1-0312
• United States Department of Defense | United States Air Force | AFMC | Air Force Office of Scientific Research FA2386-21-1-406
• National Science Foundation DMR 213247
• United States Department of Defense | United States Navy | Office of Naval Research N00014-21-1-277
• Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation GBMF10694
• MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science 20H00354
• MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science 23H0205

Manuscript type: Publisher's version (Version of record)

MDR DOI:

First published URL: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-52014-0

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Updated at: 2025-02-05 12:30:54 +0900

Published on MDR: 2025-02-05 12:30:54 +0900