Article Giant second harmonic generation in two-dimensional tellurene with synthesis and thickness engineering

Boqing Liu ORCID ; Kun Liang ; Qingyi Zhou ORCID ; Ahmed Raza Khan ORCID ; Zhuoyuan Lu ORCID ; Tanju Yildirim ORCID ; Xueqian Sun ORCID ; Sharidya Rahman ORCID ; Yun Liu ORCID ; Zongfu Yu ORCID ; Yuerui Lu ORCID

[2025][APR]Giant second harmonic generation in two-dimensional tellurene with synthesis and thickness engineering.pdf
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Boqing Liu, Kun Liang, Qingyi Zhou, Ahmed Raza Khan, Zhuoyuan Lu, Tanju Yildirim, Xueqian Sun, Sharidya Rahman, Yun Liu, Zongfu Yu, Yuerui Lu. Giant second harmonic generation in two-dimensional tellurene with synthesis and thickness engineering. Applied Physics Reviews. 2025, 12 (1), 011414. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0218276

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(abstract)

Second harmonic generation (SHG) is a prominent branch of non-linear optics (NLO) heavily reliant on conventional bulk NLO crystals. However, the difficulty in downsizing these crystals imposes technical limitations on the future of miniaturized NLO devices. Tellurene emerges as a promising candidate to overcome these restrictions, excelling in electrical applications and believed to possess a giant second-order optical susceptibility comparable to conventional NLO crystals. In this study, a face-to-face substrate configuration is employed for the synthesis of ultrathin tellurene via PVD. Our findings reveal that tellurene's SHG performance surpasses that of monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides by two orders of magnitude, with maximum efficiency when the flake thickness is between 16 and 20 nm under various wavelengths. High sensitivity to thickness variation encourages post-growth thinning through hydrogen plasma etching, enabling precise engineering of the flake thickness for optimal SHG. This establishes a foundation for controlled tellurene thickness, further broadening its potential in diverse applications.

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Keyword: Second Harmonic Generation, Transition Metal Dichalcogenide, Nonlinear Optics

Date published: 2025-03-01

Publisher: AIP Publishing

Journal:

  • Applied Physics Reviews (ISSN: 19319401) vol. 12 issue. 1 011414

Funding:

  • Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, Australian Research Council CE170100012
  • National Heart Foundation of Australia 35852
  • Australian Research council DP220102219
  • Australian Research council DP180103238
  • Australian Research council LE200100032

Manuscript type: Publisher's version (Version of record)

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First published URL: https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0218276

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Updated at: 2025-12-23 09:17:45 +0900

Published on MDR: 2025-12-23 12:19:50 +0900

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