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Description:

The operation of lithium-oxygen (Li-O2) batteries under lean electrolyte conditions offers higher energy density but leads to rapid degradation and short cycle life. Although cathode passivation and electrolyte decomposition occur in all regimes, we show that under lean electrolyte conditions, failure is primarily driven by progressive electrolyte consumption at the lithium/solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), rather than by irreversible cathode passivation. Poor wetting of the lithium surface results in heterogeneous SEI growth and high local current densities, which accelerate electrolyte loss and cell failure. Strategies aimed at improving interfacial stability, including optimized wetting and SEI forming additives, significantly extend cycle life without compromising energy density. Our results establish anode-electrolyte interactions as the dominant degradation mechanism under lean electrolyte conditions, and emphasize the need to engineer a stable Li/SEI interface for long-lasting Li-O2 batteries.

Rights:

• Creative Commons BY Attribution 4.0 International
  

Keyword: lithium-oxygen battery, lean electrolyte

Date published: 2025-11-01

Publisher: The Electrochemical Society

Journal:

• Journal of The Electrochemical Society (ISSN: 00134651) vol. 172 issue. 11 110530

Funding:

• Japan Science and Technology Agency
• Vehicle Technologies Office

Manuscript type: Publisher's version (Version of record)

MDR DOI:

First published URL: https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ae1ea5

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Updated at: 2025-11-28 08:30:19 +0900

Published on MDR: 2025-11-28 08:22:39 +0900