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Heat-flux sensors based on the transverse thermoelectric phenomenon of anomalous Nernst effect have attracted increasing interest in recent years due to the advantages stemming from simple and planar sensor structures. However, the difference in Seebeck coefficients of the constituent materials makes the sensors also sensitive to in-plane temperature gradient along the wire direction and can give rise to an undesirable offset in the sensor output. In this study, to mitigate this offset, improve structural efficiency, and simplify device fabrication, we propose a single-material anomalous Nernst heat-flux sensor with antiparallel magnetization alignment in neighboring wires. Using heat-assisted magnetization reversal through electric-current-driven Joule heating, we were able to locally control the magnetization and realize such an antiparallel alignment in devices microfabricated from an L10-FePt thin film with an in-plane magnetic easy axis. Systematic measurements on a single FePt wire showed the conditions of electric current and magnetic field required for heat-assisted magnetization reversal; these conditions were then applied to a Π-shaped FePt element to selectively reverse one half of its magnetization and achieve antiparallel alignment. As a result, the Π-shaped element with antiparallel magnetization exhibits nearly twice the heat-flux sensitivity of a single wire. These results establish heat-assisted magnetization reversal as an effective way to locally control magnetization for constructing offset-free, single-material anomalous Nernst heat-flux sensors.

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  This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and AIP Publishing. This article appeared in Weinan Zhou, Hirofumi Suto, Yuya Sakuraba; Single-material anomalous Nernst heat-flux sensor enabled by heat-assisted magnetization reversal. Appl. Phys. Lett. 11 May 2026; 128 (19): 192401 and may be found at https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0331671.

Keyword: anomalous Nernst effect, heat flux sensor, L10-FePt, transverse thermoelectric generation, heat-assisted magnetization reversal, Joule heating

Date published: 2026-05-11

Publisher: AIP Publishing

Journal:

• APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS (ISSN: 00036951) vol. 128 issue. 19 192401

Funding:

• Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology JPMJER2201
• Adaptable and Seamless Technology Transfer Program through Target-Driven R and D JPMJTR253A
• Japan Society for the Promotion of Science 25K08463
• ARIM of MEXT JPMXP1225NM5220
• SEMITEC corporation

Manuscript type: Author's version (Accepted manuscript)

MDR DOI: https://doi.org/10.48505/nims.6332

First published URL: https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0331671

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Updated at: 2026-06-10 10:32:27 +0900

Published on MDR: 2026-06-10 13:14:20 +0900