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Permanent magnets (PMs) have been employed in various insertion devices at synchrotron light sources for many years. Nd2Fe14B magnets, enhanced through the Dy diffusion process, are utilized in both in-vacuum undulators. Cryogenic permanent magnet undulators [1] sometimes employ Pr2Fe14B or (NdxPr1-x)2Fe14B magnet to operate at the temperature lower than the value when Nd2Fe14B magnet starts exhibiting spin reorientation transition.The concept of the complex bend lattice has been proposed [2]. Unlike the conventional multi-bend achromat lattices commonly implemented in fourth-generation storage ring light sources, this design incorporates bending magnets composed of PM combined-function quadrupoles. For this application, Sm2Co17 magnets are employed to mitigate demagnetization effects and minimize temperature-dependent performance variations. Both pure PM structures, such as the modified Halbach-type configuration shown in Fig. 1, and hybrid structures have been investigated.This paper presents ongoing research and developments related to PM applications at the National Synchrotron Light Source-II (NSLS-II) at Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA.

[1] T. Hara, et. al., “Cryogenic permanent undulators”, Phys. Rev. ST, Acc. and Beam, Vol. 7,
p.050720 (2004).
[2] V. Smaluk, et. al., “ Realizing low-emittance lattice solution with complex bends,”
Proceedings of IPAC19, Melbourne, Australia, doi:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-TUPRB105.

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• Creative Commons BY Attribution 4.0 International
  

Keyword: REPM2025, Accelerator, Insertion Device, lattice magnet

Conference: REPM2025 (2025-07-27 - 2025-07-31)

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Manuscript type: Not a journal article

MDR DOI: https://doi.org/10.48505/nims.5652

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Updated at: 2025-08-20 12:30:31 +0900

Published on MDR: 2025-08-20 12:19:19 +0900