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Transverse thermoelectric generation converts temperature gradient in one direction into electric field perpendicular to that direction, and is expected to be a promising alternative in creating simple-structured thermoelectric modules that can avoid the challenging problems facing traditional Seebeck-effect-based modules. Recently, large transverse thermopower is observed in closed circuits consisting of magnetic and thermoelectric materials, which is referred to as the Seebeck-driven transverse magneto-thermoelectric generation (STTG). However, the closed-circuit structure complicates its broad applications. Here, we realize STTG in the simplest way to combine magnetic and thermoelectric materials, namely, by stacking a magnetic layer and a thermoelectric layer together to form a bilayer. We derive the expression for its transverse thermopower, which varies with changing layer thicknesses and peaks at a much larger value under an optimal thickness ratio. This behavior is verified in experiment, through a serial of samples prepared by depositing Fe-Ga alloy thin films of various thicknesses onto n-type Si substrates. The measured transverse thermopower reaches 15.2±0.4 μV K−1, which is a fivefold increase from that of Fe-Ga alloy and much larger than the current room temperature record observed in Weyl semimetal Co2MnGa. Our findings highlight the potential in combining magnetic and thermoelectric materials for transverse thermoelectric applications.

Rights:

• Creative Commons BY Attribution 4.0 International
  

Keyword: anomalous Hall effect, anomalous Nernst effect, Seebeck effect, spin caloritronics, transverse thermoelectric generation

Date published: 2024-03-06

Publisher: Wiley

Journal:

• Advanced Science (ISSN: 21983844) vol. 11 issue. 18 2308543

Funding:

• Japan Society for the Promotion of Science JP22K20494
• Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology JPMJER2201

Manuscript type: Publisher's version (Version of record)

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First published URL: https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202308543

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Updated at: 2024-08-31 08:30:12 +0900

Published on MDR: 2024-08-31 08:30:12 +0900