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National Institute for Materials Science
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[Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Part 1)](https://mdr.nims.go.jp/datasets/95bf70e2-6260-4ed6-b0cb-179861464af2)
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Sheet1 BookTitle_j BookTitle_e Volume/Issue Issueddate Page Title_j Title_e AuthorList_j AuthorList_e Abstract Language Journal of Physics: Conference Series Journal of Physics: Conference Series Vol. 419, 2013 2013-03-28 012001 Preparation andMicrostructure of Laminated ZrB2-SiC Ceramics with Porous ZrB2 Interlayers Preparation andMicrostructure of Laminated ZrB2-SiC Ceramics with Porous ZrB2 Interlayers H Yuan 1), 2), J Li1, Q Shen1 1), L Zhang 1)1) State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China, 2) Beijing Industrial Technology Research Institute, Beijing 101111, PR China H Yuan 1), 2), J Li1, Q Shen1 1), L Zhang 1)1) State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China, 2) Beijing Industrial Technology Research Institute, Beijing 101111, PR China Laminated ZrB2?SiC ceramics with porous ZrB2 interlayers were successfully prepared by Spark plasma Sintering (SPS)/tape casting, laminating and Reactive Spark Plasma Sintering (RSPS). ZrB2?SiC plates were sintered by SPS. And ZrO2-B4C sheets were prepared by tape casting, which will undergo reducing reaction that produces porous ZrB2 interlayers during SSPS processing. The ZrB2-SiC plates and ZrO2-B4C sheets were laminated alternately and reactive sintered to laminated ceramics with porous ZrB2 interlayers. The porosity and thickness of the porous layers were controlled by the tape casting processing and sintering pressure. The microstructure of the laminated ZrB2-SiC ceramics was analysed and discussed in details. English Journal of Physics: Conference Series Journal of Physics: Conference Series Vol. 419, 2013 2013-03-28 012002 Fabrication of Al/Diamond Particles Functionally Graded Materials by Centrifugal Sintered-Casting Method Fabrication of Al/Diamond Particles Functionally Graded Materials by Centrifugal Sintered-Casting Method Yoshimi Watanabe 1), Masafumi Shibuya 1), Hisashi Sato 1) 1) Department of Engineering Physics, Electronics and Mechanics, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan Yoshimi Watanabe 1), Masafumi Shibuya 1), Hisashi Sato 1) 1) Department of Engineering Physics, Electronics and Mechanics, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan The continuous graded structure of functionally graded materials (FGMs) can be created under a centrifugal force. Centrifugal sintered-casting (CSC) method, proposed by the authors, is one of the fabrication methods of FGM under centrifugal force. This method is a combination of the centrifugal sintering method and centrifugal casting method. In this study, Al/diamond particle FGM was fabricated by the proposed method. English Journal of Physics: Conference Series Journal of Physics: Conference Series Vol. 419, 2013 2013-03-28 012003 Design, Manufacturing and Characterization of Functionally Graded Flextensional Piezoelectric Actuators Design, Manufacturing and Characterization of Functionally Graded Flextensional Piezoelectric Actuators R C R Amigo 1), S L Vatanabe 1), C N Silva 1)1) Department of Mechatronics and Mechanical Systems Engineering, Escola Politecnica da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Prof. Mello Moraes, 2231, 05508-900, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. R C R Amigo 1), S L Vatanabe 1), C N Silva 1)1) Department of Mechatronics and Mechanical Systems Engineering, Escola Politecnica da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Prof. Mello Moraes, 2231, 05508-900, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. Previous works have been shown several advantages in using Functionally Graded Materials (FGMs) for the performance of flextensional devices, such as reduction of stress concentrations and gains in reliability. In this work, the FGM concept is explored in the design of graded devices by using the Topology Optimization Method (TOM), in order to determine optimal topologies and gradations of the coupled structures of piezoactuators. The graded pieces are manufactured by using the Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) technique and are bonded to piezoelectric ceramics. The graded actuators are then tested by using a modular vibrometer system for measuring output displacements, in order to validate the numerical simulations. The technological path developed here represents the initial step toward the manufacturing of an integral piezoelectric device, constituted by piezoelectric and non-piezoelectric materials without bonding layers. English Journal of Physics: Conference Series Journal of Physics: Conference Series Vol. 419, 2013 2013-03-28 012004 Functionally Graded Dual-Nanoparticulate-Reinforced Aluminum Matrix CompositeMaterials Functionally Graded Dual-Nanoparticulate-Reinforced Aluminum Matrix CompositeMaterials Hansang Kwon 1), Gil-Geun Lee 2), Marc Leparoux 1), Akira Kawasaki 3)1) Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Advanced Materials Processing, Feuerwerkerstrasse. 39, CH-3602 Thun, Switzerland2) Department of New Materials System Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-739 Korea3) Department of Materials Processing, Tohoku University, Aoba-yama 02, Aobaku, 980-8576 Sendai, Japan Hansang Kwon 1), Gil-Geun Lee 2), Marc Leparoux 1), Akira Kawasaki 3)1) Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Advanced Materials Processing, Feuerwerkerstrasse. 39, CH-3602 Thun, Switzerland2) Department of New Materials System Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-739 Korea3) Department of Materials Processing, Tohoku University, Aoba-yama 02, Aobaku, 980-8576 Sendai, Japan Functionally graded carbon nanotubes (CNT) and nano Silicon carbide (nSiC) reinforced aluminum (Al) matrix composite materials were fully densified by a simple ball milling and hot-pressing processes. The nSiC was used as a physical mixing agent to increase dispersity of the CNT in the Al particles. It was observed that the CNT was better dispersed in the Al particles with a nSiC mixing agent compared to without it used. SEM micrograph showed that the interface of the each layers had very tightly adhesion without any serious pores and micro-cracks. This functionally graded dual-nanoparticulate-reinforced Al matrix composite by powder metallurgical approach could also be applied to comples matrix materials. Keywords; Carbon nanotubes (CNT), Nano silicon carbide (nSiC), Metal matrix composites (MMCs), Ball milling, Hot-pressing English Journal of Physics: Conference Series Journal of Physics: Conference Series Vol. 419, 2013 2013-03-28 012005 Dynamics of Nonhomogeneous Carbon Steel Plates Dynamics of Nonhomogeneous Carbon Steel Plates J-H Kim 1), L Zhang 1), R Hebert 2), J T Wright 3), A Shukla 3)1) Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Connecticut, 261 Glenbrook Rd., U-3037, Storrs, CT 06269, USA2) Department of Chemical, Materials and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, 97N. Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT 06269, USA3) Dynamic Photomechanics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA J-H Kim 1), L Zhang 1), R Hebert 2), J T Wright 3), A Shukla 3)1) Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Connecticut, 261 Glenbrook Rd., U-3037, Storrs, CT 06269, USA2) Department of Chemical, Materials and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, 97N. Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT 06269, USA3) Dynamic Photomechanics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA This paper presents finite element modeling procedure for rate-dependent elasticplastic nonhomogeneous carbon steel plates subjected to dynamic loads. The steel plate consists of two ductile materials. We utilize a modified rule of mixture and linear strain-rate dependence to derive constitutive relations which are then implemented in ABAQUS/Explicit through user subroutine. Validation of the developed procedure is partially made with Steel 1018. Comparative numerical study is done between Steel 1018 and the nonhomogeneous plate. Displacements, stresses and relevant energy terms are calculated and compared for various sets of material configurations. English Journal of Physics: Conference Series Journal of Physics: Conference Series Vol. 419, 2013 2013-03-28 012006 Cold spray and presureless sintering of zirconium phosphate bonded silicon nitride ceramics with porous gradient structure Cold spray and presureless sintering of zirconium phosphate bonded silicon nitride ceramics with porous gradient structure Fei Chen 1),2), Feiyu Li 2), Qiang Shen 1), Lianmeng Zhang 1),2)1) Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Specially Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China2) State Key Laboratory of Advaned Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China Fei Chen 1),2), Feiyu Li 2), Qiang Shen 1)*, Lianmeng Zhang 1),2)1) Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Specially Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China2) State Key Laboratory of Advaned Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China In the present study, silicon nitride (Si3N4) electromagnetic wave transparent ceramics with high porosity and porous gradient structure are prepared by cold spray and pressureless sintering technique. Zirconium phosphate solution is used as a binder material instead of the traditional organic materials, in order to prevent the residual carbon which is severe to the dielectric properties of the Si3N4 porous ceramics. Firstly, Si3N4 ceramic slurries with different phosphorus acid and pore-forming agent contents are prepared. Then the Si3N4 slurries are cold sprayed layer by layer to achieve a porous gradient structure, and finally the samples are presurelessly sintered at 1000℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere. The results show that the porosity of the obtained Si3N4 ceramics is 20~70 % and the Si3N4 ceramics exhibits a good porous graded structure from high to low porosity. English Journal of Physics: Conference Series Journal of Physics: Conference Series Vol. 419, 2013 2013-03-28 012007 Effective thermoelastic moduli of FGMs with temperature-dependent constituents and initial eigenstrains Effective thermoelastic moduli of FGMs with temperature-dependent constituents and initial eigenstrains Djaffar Boussaa 1)1) LMA, CNRS, UPR 7051, Aix-Marseille Univ, Centrale Marseille, F-13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France Djaffar Boussaa 1)1) LMA, CNRS, UPR 7051, Aix-Marseille Univ, Centrale Marseille, F-13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France We outline a procedure for incorporating the effects on the effective thermoelastic moduli of composites of (i) the temperature dependence of the constituents and (ii) the presence of initial eigenstrains. The procedure uses a unified thermodynamic treatment, which assumes small strains, finite changes in temperature, and initial eigenstrains. The procedure is illustrated by deriving the effective values of the isothermal compliance tensor, the thermal expansion tensor, and the heat capacity per unit reference volume at constant stress. The procedure is of particular interest in the modeling of thermoelastic FGMs operating under thermal conditions where the material properties are liable to depend on temperature. English Journal of Physics: Conference Series Journal of Physics: Conference Series Vol. 419, 2013 2013-03-28 012008 Precipitation phases at different processes and heat treat ments as well as their effects on the mechanical properties of super-austenitic stainless steel Precipitation phases at different processes and heat treatments as well as their effects on the mechanical properties of super-austenitic stainless steel Hunying Sun 1),2), Zhangjian Zhou 1), Man Wang 1), Shaofu Li 1), Liwei Zhang 1) , Lei Zou 1) 1) School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing,Xueyuan Road 30, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, PR China2) Technology Center, Anyang iron &Steel Group Company, Anyang Iron and Steel Avenue 502, Yin Du District, Anyang 455004, PR China Hunying Sun 1),2), Zhangjian Zhou 1), Man Wang 1), Shaofu Li 1), Liwei Zhang 1) , Lei Zou 1) 1) School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing,Xueyuan Road 30, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, PR China2) Technology Center, Anyang iron &Steel Group Company, Anyang Iron and Steel Avenue 502, Yin Du District, Anyang 455004, PR China A new type 1Cr30Ni30Mo2TiZr super-austenitic stainless steel has been developed. The microstructures, precipitation phases and mechanical properties of the steel under different deformation processes and heat treatment (solution, stabilized treatment) were investigated using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) as well as mechanical tests. The results indicate that coarse carbides such as Cr-rich M23C6, sigma (σ), and little chi (χ) phases were formed in the steel, and large α’-Cr phases were also detected at three joint grain boundaries, and they were promoted by large strain. The precipitate phases were dissolved or transformed to intermetallic phase even at higher elevated temperature, and influenced the mechanical property obviously. These intermetallic compounds seriously reduced elongation of the rolled steel at room temperature and 700℃, but increased the forged one at 700℃. Impact absorbed energies of the stabilized specimens were lower than half of that solution status. English Journal of Physics: Conference Series Journal of Physics: Conference Series Vol. 419, 2013 2013-03-28 012009 The fabrication and characterization of polymeric microcellular foams with designed gradient density The fabrication and characterization of polymeric microcellular foams with designed gradient density Qiang Shen 1) , Yuanlu Xiong 1) , Huan Yuan 1) , Guoqiang Luo 1) , Xue Liang 1) , Lianmeng Zhang 1) 1) State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070, P.R. China Qiang Shen 1) , Yuanlu Xiong 1) , Huan Yuan 1) , Guoqiang Luo 1) *, Xue Liang 1) , Lianmeng Zhang 1) 1) State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070, P.R. China The fabrication of polymeric foams with gradient density is a key to investigate the response of materials in quasi-isentropic loading. In this work, a non-traditional approach was proposed to fabricate the polymeric foam monolayer with designed density in a fixed volume by using the pre-mixture of expandable and expanded polymeric microballoons. After heating, the expandable microballoons expanded and bonded together to be integrated block with the final density from 0.1 g/cm3 to 0.5 g/cm3. The gradient density foams were fabricated by bonding with different monolayer. The microstructure and mechanical properties of each layer were investigated by SEM and compression strength tests. The results showed that the density of polymeric foams was matched with the design value very well by controlling the ratio of expandable and expanded polymeric microballoons. The uniform closed-cell structure with good bonding interface was shown from the SEM picture. And the mean cell size is less than 35μm. The polymeric foams exhibited ideal compressive behavior with the compressive strength as high as 9MPa. The Young’s modulus and compressive strength nearly linear increased with the increasing of density. The extremely wide range of accessible densities should make this technology for broad application prospects. English Journal of Physics: Conference Series Journal of Physics: Conference Series Vol. 419, 2013 2013-03-28 012010 Fabrication of Al-W Functionally Graded Impact Material via Vacuum Hot-Pressing Sintering Method Fabrication of Al-W Functionally Graded Impact Material via Vacuum Hot-Pressing Sintering Method Pingan Chen 1), Guoqiang Luo 1),Yinghu Liu 1), Qiang Shen 1), Lianmeng Zhang 1)1) State Key Lab of Advanced Technnology for Materials Synthesis and Processing,Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, P.R.China Pingan Chen 1), Guoqiang Luo 1)*,Yinghu Liu 1), Qiang Shen 1), Lianmeng Zhang 1)1) State Key Lab of Advanced Technnology for Materials Synthesis and Processing,Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, P.R.China Dense graded material as a type of functionally graded material (FGM) changes its wave impedance gradually along the thickness direction. In this investigation, Al-W functionally graded material was fabricated via vacuum hot-pressing sintering method (VHPS). The results showed that densified Al-W composite was fabricated at 550oC-300MPa-120min which the relative density was higher than 98.5% without intermetallic compounds. The density graded material of Al-W FGM was attained at the optimized parameters which the component of Al was from 10% to 100%. The microstructure of Al-W FGM composite indicated that W particles in single-layer composite were distributed homogeneously. The density of each layer in Al-W FGM composite was consistent with the design value. English Journal of Physics: Conference Series Journal of Physics: Conference Series Vol. 419, 2013 2013-03-28 012011 Molecular Dynamic Simulation of Failure of Ettringite Molecular Dynamic Simulation of Failure of Ettringite W Sun 1), D Wang 1), L Wang 1)1) 3500 Transportation Plaza, Virginia Tech Transportation Institute, Blacksburg, VA, 24060, US W Sun 1), D Wang 1), L Wang 1)1) 3500 Transportation Plaza, Virginia Tech Transportation Institute, Blacksburg, VA, 24060, US Ettringite is an important component in the hydration products of cement paste. To better understand the failure modes under tensile loading of cement-based materials, mechanical properties of each individual hydration product needs to be evaluated at atomic scale. This paper presents a molecular dynamic (MD) method to characterize and understand the mechanical properties of ettringite and its failure modes. The molecular structure of ettringite is established using ReaxFF force field package in LAMMPS. To characterize the atomic failure modes of cement paste, MD simulations were conducted by applying tensile strain load and shear strain load, respectively. In each MD failure simulation, the stress-strain relationship was plotted to quantify the mechanical properties at atomic scale. Then elastic constants of the ettringite crystal structure were calculated from these stress-strain relationships. MD simulations were validated by comparing the mechanical properties calculated from LAMMPS and those acquired from experiments. Future research should be performed on bridging-relationships of mechanical properties between atomic scale and macroscale to provide insights into further understanding the influence of mechanical properties at atomic scale on the performance of cement-based materials at macroscale. English Journal of Physics: Conference Series Journal of Physics: Conference Series Vol. 419, 2013 2013-03-28 012012 Preparation and properties of ATO films and their effects on the TiO2/ATO system Preparation and properties of ATO films and their effects on the TiO2/ATO system J. A. Galaviz-Perez 1), Fei Chen 1), J. R. Vargas Garcia 2), Qiang Shen 1), Lianmeng Zhang 1)1) State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China2) Dept of Materials and Metallurgical Eng., National Polytechnic Institute, México 07300 DF Mexico J. A. Galaviz-P?rez 1), Fei Chen 1), J. R. Vargas Garc?a 2), Qiang Shen 1), Lianmeng Zhang 1)1) State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China2) Dept of Materials and Metallurgical Eng., National Polytechnic Institute, México 07300 DF M?xico Multilayered TiO2/ATO thin films were prepared by the spin-coating method to evaluate the electronic interactions and the effect of the experimental conditions on optical transparency, electric resistivity and carrier density. ATO chemical composition, number of layers and annealing temperature were modified to study their effect on the global properties of the TiO2/ATO system. TiO2/ATO films exhibited an optical transparency as high as 81 % in the visible wavelength and a strong absorption within the UV spectra. Electric resistivity as low as 3.4x10-1 Ω・cm was measured for TiO2/ATO films. Optical properties were influenced mainly by the presence of upper TiO2 layer and ATO film thickness. The effect of ATO film thickness, composition and annealing temperature on TiO2/ATO transparency and resistivity are discussed. English Journal of Physics: Conference Series Journal of Physics: Conference Series Vol. 419, 2013 2013-03-28 012013 High-temperature oxidation behavior of ZrO2-ZrSiO4/NiCr composites and its applicability for functionally graded materials High-temperature oxidation behavior of ZrO2-ZrSiO4/NiCr composites and its applicability for functionally graded materials K Wu 1), A Rosin 1), H Park 1), M Willert-Porada 1)1) Chair of materials processing, university of Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany K Wu 1), A Rosin 1), H Park 1), M Willert-Porada 1)1) Chair of materials processing, university of Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany In the present study, high-temperature oxidation behavior of pressurelessly sintered ZrO2-ZrSiO4/NiCr8020 samples with different volume fractions of ceramic is investigated with the aim to develop oxidation resistant ZrO2-ZrSiO4/NiCr functionally graded materials out of them. Sintered samples with 0, 25, 50 and 75 vol% ceramic were oxidized at 1000 °C for 36 h in synthetic air. The oxidation kinetics depends strongly upon the phase connectivity of NiCr in the ceramic matrix, which also governs the crack pattern formed due to the volume expansion of NiCr particles. While nearly full oxidation of the NiCr particles occurs in the 75 vol% ceramic composite with a relatively low phase connectivity of NiCr, the 25 vol% ceramic composite with a highly percolative NiCr phase exhibits a metal-like oxidation behavior and its overall oxidation was limited to the surface near area. English Journal of Physics: Conference Series Journal of Physics: Conference Series Vol. 419, 2013 2013-03-28 012014 Microstructure Deformation and Fracture Mechanism of Highly Filled Polymer Composites under Large TensileDeformation Microstructure Deformation and Fracture Mechanism of Highly Filled Polymer Composites under Large TensileDeformation Zhang Jiang Tao1 1), Song Dan Ping 1), Zhang Mei 1), Zhai Peng Chenga 1)1) State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P.R.China Zhang Jiang Tao1 1), Song Dan Ping 1), Zhang Mei 1), Zhai Peng Chenga 1)1) State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P.R.China The microstructure deformation and fracture mechanisms of particulate-filled polymer composites were studied based on microstructure observations in this paper. By using in-situ tensile test system under scanning electron microscopy, three different composites composed of polymer binder filled by three different types of particles, namely Al particles, AP particles and HMX particles, with the same total filler content were tested. The roles of initial microstructure damage and particle type on the microstructure deformation and damage are highlighted. The results show that microstructure damage starts with the growth of the initial microvoids within the binders or along the binder/particle interfaces. With the increase of strain, the microstructure damages including debonding at the particle/binder interface and tearing of the binder lead to microvoid coalescence, and finally cause an abrupt fracture of the samples. Coarse particles lead to an increase of debonding at the particle/binder interface both in the initial state and during the loading process, and angular particles promote interface debonding during the loading process. English Journal of Physics: Conference Series Journal of Physics: Conference Series Vol. 419, 2013 2013-03-28 012015 Fracture analysis of a viscoelastic functionally graded materials strip with a central crack Fracture analysis of a viscoelastic functionally graded materials strip with a central crack Z H Wang 1), L Zhang 2), L C Guo 3)1) 2) Department of Astronautic Science and Mechanics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P.R. China, 3) Department of Astronautic Science and Mechanics & Department of Material Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China Z H Wang 1), L Zhang 2), L C Guo 3)1) 2) Department of Astronautic Science and Mechanics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P.R. China, 3) Department of Astronautic Science and Mechanics & Department of Material Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China The fracture mechanical behavior of a crack in viscoelastic functionally graded materials (FGMs) is investigated. Firstly, the extensional relaxation modulus is assumed as separable form in space and time. Then, the crack problem of the viscoelastic FGMs can be turned into an elastic crack problem of FGMs by using correspondence principle. Applying Fourier transfom and boundary conditions, the elastic crack problem of FGMs is reduced to singular integral equations. The stress intensity factors (SIFs) can be obtained by solving the singular integral equations. Base on correspondence principle and Laplace transform, the SIFs of viscoelastic FGMs can be determined by inverting the transformed SIFs of correspondence elastic crack problem. English Journal of Physics: Conference Series Journal of Physics: Conference Series Vol. 419, 2013 2013-03-28 012016 The influencing mechanism of modification layer on the performance of SiC3D/Al multi-function gradient composite The influencing mechanism of modification layer on the performance of SiC3D/Al multi-function gradient composite Li Bowen1),2),Ma Zhuang1),2),Wang Yangwei 1),2),Wang Fuchi 1),2)1) School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China, 2) National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology onMaterials under Shock and Impact, Beijing, 100081, China Li Bowen1),2),Ma Zhuang1),2)*,Wang Yangwei 1),2),Wang Fuchi 1),2)1) School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China, 2) National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology onMaterials under Shock and Impact, Beijing, 100081, China SiC skeleton surface was oxidized in this paper. Vacuum-pressure infiltration method is used to prepare SiC3D/Al composite. The effects of the thickness of the interface modification layer were investigated. The results showed that the thickness of SiO2 layer increases with the prolonged time of the skeleton oxidation. The brittle phase basically disappeared at the interface of the composite with 9 hours pre-oxidized, which lead to the high interface bonding strength. As a result, fracture morphology of the oxidized composite is mainly composed with plastic toughening of pure aluminum. Therefore, the static compressive strength of the composite raises up to 1165.2Mpa. Keywords: SiC3D/Al composite; thickness of the interface modification layer; fracture mechanism； English Journal of Physics: Conference Series Journal of Physics: Conference Series Vol. 419, 2013 2013-03-28 012017 Preparation and characterization of PMMA graded microporous foams via one-step supercritical carbon dioxide foaming Preparation and characterization of PMMA graded microporous foams via one-step supercritical carbon dioxide foaming HuanYuan 1), Junguo Li 1),Yuanlu Xiong 1), Guoqiang Luo 1), Qiang Shen 1), Lianmeng Zhang 1)1) State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing,Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China HuanYuan 1), Junguo Li 1),Yuanlu Xiong 1), Guoqiang Luo 1), Qiang Shen 1), Lianmeng Zhang 1)1) State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing,Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China Supercritical carbon dioxide (ScCO2) foaming which is inexpensive and environmental friendly has been widely used to prepare polymer-based microporous materials. In this paper, PMMA graded microporous materials were foamed by PMMA matrix after an unstable saturation process which was done under supercritical condition of 28MPa and 50℃. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was utilized to observe the morphology of the graded foam. A gas adsorption model was proposed to predict the graded gas concentration in the different region of the polymer matrix. The SEM results showed that the solid and foam region of the graded foam can be connected without laminated layers. With the increasing thickness position of the graded microporous foam, the cell size increased from 3.4 to 27.5 μm, while the cell density decreased from 1.04 × 109 to 1.96 × 107 cells/cm3. It also found that the gradient microporous structure of the foam came from graded gas concentration which was obtained in the initial saturation process. English Journal of Physics: Conference Series Journal of Physics: Conference Series Vol. 419, 2013 2013-03-28 012018 Fabrication of W/Cu FGM By Aqueous Tape Casting Fabrication of W/Cu FGM By Aqueous Tape Casting Shulong Liu 1), Qiang Shen 1), Guoqiang Luo 1), Meijuan Li 1), Lianmeng Zhang 1)1) Country State Key Lab of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P.R.China Shulong Liu 1), Qiang Shen 1), Guoqiang Luo 1), Meijuan Li 1), Lianmeng Zhang 1)1) Country State Key Lab of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P.R.China Tungsten Copper-based metals (W/Cu) were extensively used as electrical contact materials in switching systems for the electric power industry. In this paper, a novel investigation to prepare Tungsten Copper-based metal composite materials according to functionally graded material (FGM) concept and the method of tape casting was reported. Cucoated W powders with different Cu weight fraction were synthesized via electricless plain in methanol-water solvent. The green tapes with different composition and thickness were laminated and then sintered to prepare W-Cu functionally graded materials. XRD, EDS, SEM and metallographic analyses were used to characterize the material microstructure and combination between different layers. The results showed that the Cu-coated W powders had grate compressibility leading to wettability of powders. The parallelism and flatness of intermediate layer were good and the combination was tight. English Journal of Physics: Conference Series Journal of Physics: Conference Series Vol. 419, 2013 2013-03-28 012019 Influence of Al2O3/YSZ micro-laminated coatings on high temperature oxidation and spallation resistance of MCrAlY alloys Influence of Al2O3/YSZ micro-laminated coatings on high temperature oxidation and spallation resistance of MCrAlY alloys Junqi Yao 1), Yedong He 1), Deren Wang 1)1) Beijing Key Laboratory for Corrosion, Erosion and Surface Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 100083 Beijing, PR China Junqi Yao 1), Yedong He 1), Deren Wang 1)1) Beijing Key Laboratory for Corrosion, Erosion and Surface Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 100083 Beijing, PR China Al2O3/YSZ micro-laminated coatings with different layers were prepared on MCrAlY alloys by magnetron sputtering and characterized by high-resolution field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Results indicated that the laminated structures of Al2O3 and YSZ layers were observed with compact microstructure and the thickness at sub-micron level each layer. High-temperature cyclic oxidation test at 1000℃ in air was performed to investigate the oxidation and spallation resistance of the coatings on MCrAlY substrates. Result shows that the coatings exhibit more excellent oxidation and spallation resistance with the increase of the layers, which can be attributed to the increase of stress tolerance and fracture toughness in the laminated coatings by the thinner layers and crack deflection toughening.Keywords: Al2O3; YSZ; micro-laminated coatings; oxidation and spallation resistance; fracture toughness English Journal of Physics: Conference Series Journal of Physics: Conference Series Vol. 419, 2013 2013-03-28 012020 Numerical Simulation in relation to Adiabatic Shearing Behaviors in Titanium Alloy Numerical Simulation in relation to Adiabatic Shearing Behaviors in Titanium Alloy Gao Ruihua 1),2), Fan Qunbo 1),2), Wang Fuchi 1),2)1) School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China2) National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Materials under Shock and Impact, Beijing, 100081, China Gao Ruihua 1),2), Fan Qunbo 1),2), Wang Fuchi 1),2)1) School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China2) National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Materials under Shock and Impact, Beijing, 100081, China The adiabatic shearing phenomena are commonly found in titanium alloys，but they are rarely simulated in the microstructure scale. In the current study ， the macro-dynamic compression is implemented and the microstructures are successfully embedded into the macro model by introducing a multiscale simulation technique, thus help to reveal the adiabatic shearing deformation mechanism of titanium alloy. The simulation results show that for the equiaxed titanium alloy, the adiabatic shearing process is determined by the phase proportion outside the shear band instead of the phase proportion inside; the study further shows that within a certain proportion of α phase, with the increase of α phase proportion, the adiabatic shear sensitivity decreases. English Journal of Physics: Conference Series Journal of Physics: Conference Series Vol. 419, 2013 2013-03-28 012021 Microstructural characterization of the Mg/Cu/Al diffusion bonded joint Microstructural characterization of the Mg/Cu/Al diffusion bonded joint Jian Zhang 1), Qiang Shen 1), Guoqiang Luo 1), Yiyu Wang 1), Meijuan Li 1), Lianmeng Zhang 1)1)State Key Lab of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China Jian Zhang 1), Qiang Shen 1), Guoqiang Luo 1)*, Yiyu Wang 1), Meijuan Li 1), Lianmeng Zhang 1)1)State Key Lab of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China A vacuum hot-pressed diffusion bonding method was used to prepare an Mg/Cu/Al laminated composite. Both the Mg/Cu and Al/Cu interfaces were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy, electron probe microanalysis, X-ray diffraction spectrometer system and Vickers microhardness test. The results showed that two kinds of intermetallic compounds, Al4Cu9 adjacent to the Cu side and Al2Cu adjacent to the Al side, were formed in the interface of Al-Cu. Meanwhile, Mg2Cu was formed at the interface of Mg/Cu. The maximum value of shear strength is 13.1 MPa and the fracture of the joints had taken place at the Mg-Cu interface. The microhardness of the interface increased due to the formation of the intermetallic compounds, which is the main cause leading to poor bond properties. English Journal of Physics: Conference Series Journal of Physics: Conference Series Vol. 419, 2013 2013-03-28 012022 Study for double-layered AZO/ATO transparent conducting thin film Study for double-layered AZO/ATO transparent conducting thin film Miaomiao Cao 1), Yudong Li 1), Jing Yang 1), Yigang Chen 1)1) Department of Electronic Information Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, 149 Yanchang Road, Shanghai 200072, China Miaomiao Cao 1), Yudong Li 1), Jing Yang 1), Yigang Chen 1)*1) Department of Electronic Information Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, 149 Yanchang Road, Shanghai 200072, China The purpose of this study is to provide transparent conductive composite films, used for such as dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). In this work, transparent conductive oxide films with double-layer structure, ATO(antimony doped tin oxide)films covered on AZO(aluminum doped zinc oxide)films, were prepared on glass substrates by RF magnetron sputtering method. Subsequently the films were post-annealed at different temperature. The structure, surface morphology, optical and electrical properties of the films were investigated as a function of annealing temperature. Our results indicate that the composite films can maintain good electrical and optical properties at a temperature higher than 450°C compared to that of single-layer film. Keywords: Transparent conductive oxide, composite, optical properties, electrical properties, thermal stability English Journal of Physics: Conference Series Journal of Physics: Conference Series Vol. 419, 2013 2013-03-28 012023 Microstructure of Diffusion-Bonded Mg-Ag-Al Multilayer Composite Materials Microstructure of Diffusion-Bonded Mg-Ag-Al Multilayer Composite Materials Yiyu Wang 1) , Guoqiang Luo 1) , Jian Zhang 1) , Qiang Shen 1) , Lianmeng Zhang 1) 1) State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China Yiyu Wang 1) , Guoqiang Luo 1) *, Jian Zhang 1) , Qiang Shen 1) , Lianmeng Zhang 1) 1) State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China Mg-Al bonded composite materials expand Mg and Al alloys’ applications by combining their unique performances together. However, the formation of Mg-Al intermetallic compounds in interface zone of Mg/Al directly-bonded joint seriously obstructs its further development. To solve this problem, Mg-Ag-Al multilayer composite materials have been successfully prepared by diffusion bonding technology. The effect of key process parameter (bonding temperature) on microstructure of this material has been mainly investigated. The results show that Mg and Al were well bonded by using silver interlayer when the bonding temperature exceeded 370°C. But Mg17Al12 and Mg2Al3 compounds were formed in the interface zone at temperatures higher than 420℃. By means of controlling the bonding temperature (380℃-420℃), silver interlayer effectively restrained the generation of Mg-Al intermetallic compounds, and Mg-Ag intermetallic compounds (Mg3Ag, MgAg) were formed in the interface zone instead. English Journal of Physics: Conference Series Journal of Physics: Conference Series Vol. 419, 2013 2013-03-28 012024 Modeling the Dynamic Damage Process of the SiC3d/Al Interpenetrating Phase Composites Modeling the Dynamic Damage Process of the SiC3d/Al Interpenetrating Phase Composites Li Guoju1),2), Fan Qunbo 1),2), Wu Zheng 1),2), Zhang Xu 1),2), Wang Yangwei 1),2), Wang Fuchi 1),2)1) School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China, 2) National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Materials under Shock and Impact, Beijing, 100081, China Li Guoju1),2), Fan Qunbo 1),2)*, Wu Zheng 1),2), Zhang Xu 1),2), Wang Yangwei 1),2), Wang Fuchi 1),2)1) School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China, 2) National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Materials under Shock and Impact, Beijing, 100081, China In the current study, a 3D mesoscopic structure FE-Model of interpenetrating SiC3d/Al composite is built based on the digital image-based modeling technique together with optimized methods of three-dimensional mesh generation. Subsequently, the finite element method is proposed to simulate the dynamic damage process of the interpenetrating phase composites SiC3d/Al under dynamic axial crushing. The cracking process in micro 3D space is clearly presented in the current study. It is shown that the cracks initialization and propagation mainly appear in the region of interface between ceramic and metallic phase. Moreover, the ceramic phase attributes to the model’s damage predominantly. The method proposed in this paper would be of help in the microstructure design of Interpenetrating Phase Composites. English Journal of Physics: Conference Series Journal of Physics: Conference Series Vol. 419, 2013 2013-03-28 012025 Mechanical properties of tantalum-tungsten interlayer between tungsten tile and thimble to prevent helium leak from He-cooled divertor Mechanical properties of tantalum-tungsten interlayer between tungsten tile and thimble to prevent helium leak from He-cooled divertor Pingping Zhang 1), Weiping Shen 1) , Yanan Zhou 1), Qingling Zhang 1)1) Institute of Nuclear Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China Pingping Zhang 1), Weiping Shen 1) , Yanan Zhou 1), Qingling Zhang 1)1) Institute of Nuclear Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China The tungsten parts made of pure tungsten tile and dispersion strengthened tungsten thimble with 3 mm interlayer of tantalum-tungsten alloy are fabricated by Spark Plasmas Sintering (SPS). The process of SPS is that the temperature is raised to 1700℃ at a rate of 100 ℃/min and kept for 3 min, under a constant pressure of 50MPa along the Z-axis. The mechanical properties of the interlayer with different percent of tantalum are measured. The results show that with increasing percent of tantalum, the hardness first increases and then decreases; and as the indentation on the sample is closer to dispersion strengthened tungsten, the value of Vickers hardness is much higher. The Vickers hardness of interlayer is the highest when the content of tantalum is 50% and the indentation is next to dispersion strengthened tungsten. Bending strength drops with increasing content of tantalum, when the content of tantalum is 100% the value of bending strength is the lowest. The fracture toughness is highest as the content of tantalum is 25%, the value is 9.89MPa･m1/2. The toughening tungstentantalum interlayer between tungsten tile and thimble would better prevent helium leak from He-cooled divertor for DEMO. English Journal of Physics: Conference Series Journal of Physics: Conference Series Vol. 419, 2013 2013-03-28 012026 The influence of ALN-Al gradient material gradient index on ballistic performance The influence of ALN-Al gradient material gradient index on ballistic performance Youcong Wang 1), Qiwen Liu 1), Yao Li 1), Qiang Shen 2)1) Department of Engineering Structure and Mechanics, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China 2) State Key Laboratory of Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China Youcong Wang 1), Qiwen Liu 1), Yao Li 1), Qiang Shen 2)1) Department of Engineering Structure and Mechanics, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China 2) State Key Laboratory of Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China Ballistic performance of the gradient material is superior to laminated material, and gradient materials have different gradient types. Using ls-dyna to simulate the ballistic performance of ALN-Al gradient target plates which contain three gradient index (b = 1, b = 0.5, b = 2). Through Hopkinson bar numerical simulation to the target plate materials, we obtained the reflection stress wave and transmission stress wave state of gradient material to get the best gradient index. The internal stress state of gradient material is simulated by amplification processing of the target plate model. When the gradient index b is equal to 1, the gradient target plate is best of all. English Journal of Physics: Conference Series Journal of Physics: Conference Series Vol. 419, 2013 2013-03-28 012027 Layered Composite of TiC-TiB2 to Ti-6Al-4V in Graded Composition by Combustion Synthesis in High-gravity Field Layered Composite of TiC-TiB2 to Ti-6Al-4V in Graded Composition by Combustion Synthesis in High-gravity Field Xuegang Huang 1) , Zhongmin Zhao 1) , Long Zhang 1) 1) Department of Vehicle and Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering College, Shijiazhuang 050003, China Xuegang Huang 1) , Zhongmin Zhao 1) , Long Zhang 1) 1) Department of Vehicle and Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering College, Shijiazhuang 050003, China By taking combustion synthesis to prepare solidified TiB2 matrix ceramic in high-gravity field, the layered composite of TiC-TiB2 ceramic to Ti-6Al-4V substrate in graded composition was achieved. XRD, FESEM and EDS results showed that the bulk full-density solidified TiC-TiB2 composite was composed of fine TiB2 platelets, TiC irregular grains, a few of α-Al2O3 inclusions and Cr alloy phases, and α’-Ti phases alternating with Ti-enriched carbides constituted the matrix of the joint in which fine TiB platelets were embedded, whereas some C, B atoms were also detected at the heat-affected zone of Ti-6A1-4V substrate. The layered composite of the solidified ceramic to Ti-6Al-4V substrate in graded composition with continuous microstructure was considered a result of fused joint and inter-diffusion between liquid ceramic and surface-molten Ti alloy, followed by TiB2-Ti peritectic reaction and subsequent eutectic reaction in TiC-TiB-Ti ternary system. English Journal of Physics: Conference Series Journal of Physics: Conference Series Vol. 419, 2013 2013-03-28 012028 Microstructure and properties of (Ti, Al) N coatings on WC-Co cemented carbide Microstructure and properties of (Ti, Al) N coatings on WC-Co cemented carbide Yudong Li 1), Zhen Liu 1), Jing Yang 1) , Yigang Chen 1)1)Department of Electronic Information Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, 149 Yanchang Road, Shanghai 200072, China Yudong Li 1), Zhen Liu 1), Jing Yang 1) , Yigang Chen 1)*1)Department of Electronic Information Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, 149 Yanchang Road, Shanghai 200072, China (Ti, Al)N films were grown on WC-Co cemented carbides by R.F. reactive sputtering using Ti/Al composite target. The crystalline structure, morphology and composition of (Ti, Al)N coatings were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscope and X-ray energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS), respectively. The mechanical properties of (Ti, Al)N coatings with the variable Al content were investigated by applying nanoindentation. With the increase of the Al content, the crystal structure of (Ti, Al)N films changed from fcc to hexagonal structure. When the ratio of Ti to Al in (Ti, Al)N coatings was approximately 4:1, and the N content was 40.67 %, the nano-hardness of (Ti, Al)N coating was highly up to 28 GPa. By adjusting the Al content, the lowest value of friction coefficients was 0.1397.Keywords: (Ti, Al)N; coating; nano-hardness; friction coefficient English Journal of Physics: Conference Series Journal of Physics: Conference Series Vol. 419, 2013 2013-03-28 012029 Fabrication and mechanical properties of a 14Cr-ODS steel Fabrication and mechanical properties of a 14Cr-ODS steel Helong Hu 1), Zhangjian Zhou 1), Lu Liao 1), ManWang 1), Shaofu Li 1)1) School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, China 100083 Helong Hu 1), Zhangjian Zhou 1)*, Lu Liao 1), ManWang 1), Shaofu Li 1)1) School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, China 100083 In this paper, the fabrication method and the mechanical properties of a 14Cr-ODS steel are investigated. The pre-alloyed steel powders and oxide powders were mechanical alloyed after milling for 30 h under a rotation of 300 rpm. Y-Ti-O phase was obtained after annealing the MA powders at 1100 ℃. The tensile strength of the HIPed 14Cr-ODS steels at room temperature was about 1120 MPa. Microstructure observation showed that there were amount of nano dispersion particles in the base alloy which resulted in the high hardness and tensile strength. English