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Solution processing of organic semiconductors provides a facile way to fabricate electrically doped thin films, which opens opportunities for advancing printed electronics. However, this approach is limited due to the instability of dopants and doped organic semiconductors, particularly for n-type ones. In this study, n-type doping of an organic semiconducting polymer is achieved using aqueous doping solutions in air, a condition under which n-type chemical doping had not previously been demonstrated. Polymeric semiconductor thin films are immersed in aqueous doping solutions, which contained the saccharide fructose, redox bio-mediator flavin nucleotide (FMN), and bulky molecular cations. In this process, electrons are transferred from fructose to FMN and then from FMN to organic semiconductor thin films. The introduced electrons are compensated by the incorporation of bulky molecular cations into the thin films. Successful n-type doping is confirmed by absorption, conductivity, and photoelectron spectroscopy measurements. The density of states of the polymer is filled up to −3.8 eV versus vacuum, beyond the conventionally anticipated limit of ambient stability. This breakthrough is rooted in the combined effects of solution pH, mediator-assisted use of fructose, and choice of dopant cation. In addition, n-type doping using biomolecules may shed light on new connections between electronic materials and biomolecules for energy storage, transfer, and conversion.

権利情報:

• Creative Commons BY-NC Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International
  

キーワード: organic semiconductor, doping, biomolecule

刊行年月日: 2025-10-30

出版者: Wiley

掲載誌:

• Small (ISSN: 16136810) vol. 21 issue. 49 e09278

研究助成金:

• Japan Society for the Promotion of Science JP23K23428
• Japan Society for the Promotion of Science JP22H04959
• Japan Society for the Promotion of Science JP23H05459
• Japan Society for the Promotion of Science JP25H00898
• Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology JPMJCR21O3
• Fusion Oriented REsearch for disruptive Science and Technology JPMJFR236R

原稿種別: 出版者版 (Version of record)

MDR DOI:

公開URL: https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202509278

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更新時刻: 2025-12-24 15:20:45 +0900

MDRでの公開時刻: 2025-12-24 16:20:31 +0900