# Anti-freezing supercapacitors using novel choline phosphate aqueous electrolytes

https://mdr.nims.go.jp/datasets/ef6757fa-3f1a-48be-9405-3cff3271d740

## File

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- [STAM-2026-0111_data.zip](https://mdr.nims.go.jp/filesets/787e28ef-8e9b-4fcb-9323-6bfc31988e6b/download) ([Detail](https://mdr.nims.go.jp/filesets/787e28ef-8e9b-4fcb-9323-6bfc31988e6b.md))
- [Supporting information.pdf](https://mdr.nims.go.jp/filesets/3cf4cd36-ae0f-4ef2-a086-560703670149/download) ([Detail](https://mdr.nims.go.jp/filesets/3cf4cd36-ae0f-4ef2-a086-560703670149.md))

## Id

ef6757fa-3f1a-48be-9405-3cff3271d740

## Local identifier



## Visibility

open_to_public

## State

published

## Created at

2026-06-24T01:56:26.129070Z

## Updated at

2026-06-24T02:55:20.653885Z

## Published at

2026-06-24T05:27:51.020032Z

## Doi

https://doi.org/10.48505/nims.6364

## First published url

https://doi.org/10.1080/14686996.2026.2688749

## Date published

2026-06-19

## Recorded date published



## Resource type

journal_article

## Manuscript type

accepted_manuscript

## Collection



## Title

- title: Anti-freezing supercapacitors using novel choline phosphate aqueous electrolytes
  title_type: original
  lang: en

## Description

- description: Conventional aqueous and organic electrolytes often suffer from toxicity,
    flammability, poor performance at low temperatures, or limited electrochemical
    stability, motivating the search for environmentally-friendly alternatives. Herein,
    we report a comprehensive study on aqueous choline – phosphate electrolytes based
    on choline dihydrogen phosphate (CDHP) and mixed choline dihydrogen phosphate
    and choline hydrogen phosphate (CDHP + CHP) systems as green electrolytes for
    low-temperature energy storage devices. Both salts were synthesized via neutralization
    of choline hydroxide with phosphoric acid. Physicochemical analysis revealed that
    pure CDHP solutions exhibit acidic pH, which limits the electrochemical stability
    window (ESW) due to hydrogen evolution. However, the introduction of CHP effectively
    tunes the electrolyte pH towards near-neutral values, while simultaneously enhancing
    ionic conductivity. The mixed CDHP + CHP electrolyte achieved improved ESW, maintaining
    high conductivity across a concentration range from 1 to 5 mol ⋅ kg−1 and down
    to − 20°C. Electrochemical investigations on carbon/carbon symmetric capacitors
    using these electrolytes reveal electric double-layer (EDL) performance without
    redox activity in the low voltage range. However, mixed redox processes and EDL
    charging were observed at higher voltage, which have been evaluated with temperature-dependent
    electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. By modeling the Nyquist plot, absolute
    ion diffusion coefficients and desolvation rates have been calculated, which support
    the analysis of the Arrhenius plots showing that the mixed electrolyte lowers
    the bulk ion diffusion energy barrier for pure CDHP, driving its superior sub-zero
    performance.
  description_type: abstract
  lang: en

## Creator

- name: Jan Malczak
  role: author
  organization: Poznań University of Technology
  department: a Faculty of Chemical Technology
- name: Seyed Amirhossein Sanei
  role: author
- name: Agnieszka Marcinkowska
  role: author
- name: Piotr Gajewski
  role: author
- name: Qamar Abbas
  role: author

## Contact agent



## Publisher

organization: Taylor & Francis
ror: https://ror.org/

## Managing organization



## Keyword

- subject: Choline phosphate
  schema: not_defined
- subject: Anti-freezing electrolyte
  schema: not_defined
- subject: carbon electrode
  schema: not_defined
- subject: electric double-layer
  schema: not_defined
- subject: Supercapacitor
  schema: not_defined

## Rights

- identifier: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

## Other identifier(s)



## Data origin

- data_origin_type: other

## Embargo



## Journal

- title: Science and Technology of Advanced Materials
  issn: '14686996'
  volume: '27'
  article_number: '2688749'

## Conference



## Related item



## Funding



## Instrument



## Instrument operator



## Instrument managing organization



## Measurement method



## Specimen



## Chemical composition



## Structure for specimen



## Structural feature for specimen



## Specific property for specimen



## Process for specimen treatment



## Computational method



## Energy level/transition state



## Software



## Custom property



## Fileset

- id: 88ab0a71-f5f9-4038-9c2d-7bbf75bdc455
  filename: Anti-freezing supercapacitors using novel choline phosphate aqueous electrolytes.pdf
  content_type: application/pdf
  size: 3979197
  md5: d73dbf10a90825faf780a95552da1898
- id: 787e28ef-8e9b-4fcb-9323-6bfc31988e6b
  filename: STAM-2026-0111_data.zip
  content_type: application/zip
  size: 1142559
  md5: '0749db9828fdc156473d4a7ce11b4eee'
- id: 3cf4cd36-ae0f-4ef2-a086-560703670149
  filename: Supporting information.pdf
  content_type: application/pdf
  size: 1199595
  md5: b196e229f1548d859dbc799a71acb7db

## Thumbnail

fileset_id: 88ab0a71-f5f9-4038-9c2d-7bbf75bdc455
filename: Anti-freezing supercapacitors using novel choline phosphate aqueous electrolytes.pdf