# The structural stability and capacity increase of a phosphorus-doped hard carbon produced by zinc oxide templating used in sodium-ion batteries:

https://mdr.nims.go.jp/datasets/e6c15b5a-0ba5-4982-8505-1884cb7b155e

## File

- [P-doped ZnO_最終版.pdf](https://mdr.nims.go.jp/filesets/90aac7f2-aa0e-452b-9735-926762fd3a66/download) ([Detail](https://mdr.nims.go.jp/filesets/90aac7f2-aa0e-452b-9735-926762fd3a66.md))

## Id

e6c15b5a-0ba5-4982-8505-1884cb7b155e

## Local identifier



## Visibility

open_to_public

## State

published

## Created at

2026-03-09T02:11:00.237212Z

## Updated at

2026-03-10T07:30:19.765868Z

## Published at

2026-03-10T04:44:53.489303Z

## Doi



## First published url

https://doi.org/10.7209/carbon.050106

## Date published

2026-03-01

## Recorded date published

2026

## Resource type

journal_article

## Manuscript type

vor

## Collection



## Title

- title: 'The structural stability and capacity increase of a phosphorus-doped hard
    carbon produced by zinc oxide templating used in sodium-ion batteries:'
  title_type: original
  lang: en

## Description

- description: Sodium (Na)-ion batteries (NIBs) are attracting increasing attention
    as next-generation energy storage systems because they do not rely on rare metals.
    Hard carbon (HC) is considered their most promising anode material. By tailoring
    the pore structure by templating methods, HC materials with a high energy density
    have been developed for NIBs. However, further improvements are required to achieve
    the desired properties without compromising the excellent characteristics already
    achieved. This study aims to further increase the battery capacity of zinc oxide
    (ZnO)–templated HC using a simple phosphorus (P)-doping method. We investigated
    the effects of soaking in phosphoric acid and subsequent heat treatment on the
    carbon morphology and electrochemical properties. The results showed that P doping
    increased the battery capacity without altering the ZnO–templated HC morphology.
    Both the sloping and plateau regions of the capacity increased, suggesting that
    P doping promotes Na adsorption on the carbon surface and Na storage between the
    layers and in the pores. Furthermore, the types of P functional groups depended
    on the synthesis conditions and influence the battery performance. These findings
    show that surface modification with specific P functional groups can effectively
    increase the Na storage capability of HCs.
  description_type: abstract
  lang: und

## Creator

- name: Hideka Ando
  role: author
  orcid: https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1487-4478
  organization: National Institute for Materials Science
- name: Yasuhiro Toyoda
  role: author
- name: Kenya Fujino
  role: author
- name: Kenjiro Hashi
  role: author
  orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0320-4768
  organization: National Institute for Materials Science
- name: Shinobu Ohki
  role: author
  orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7357-3833
  organization: National Institute for Materials Science
- name: Yuki Fujii
  role: author
- name: Daisuke Igarashi
  role: author
- name: Shinichi Komaba
  role: author
- name: Kazuma Gotoh
  role: author

## Contact agent



## Publisher

organization: The Carbon Society of Japan

## Managing organization



## Keyword

- subject: Sodium-ion batteries
  schema: not_defined
- subject: Hard carbon
  schema: not_defined
- subject: Phoshorus doping
  schema: not_defined
- subject: Anode
  schema: not_defined
- subject: ZnO-templating
  schema: not_defined

## Rights

- identifier: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/

## Other identifier(s)



## Data origin



## Embargo



## Journal

- title: Carbon Reports
  volume: '5'
  issue: '1'
  start_page: 40
  end_page: 47
  article_number: '050106'

## Conference



## Related item



## Funding

- identifier: JPMJGX23S4
  funder_name: Japan Science and Technology Agency

## Instrument



## Instrument operator



## Instrument managing organization



## Measurement method



## Specimen



## Chemical composition



## Structure for specimen



## Structural feature for specimen



## Specific property for specimen



## Process for specimen treatment



## Computational method



## Energy level/transition state



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## Fileset

- id: 90aac7f2-aa0e-452b-9735-926762fd3a66
  filename: P-doped ZnO_最終版.pdf
  content_type: application/pdf
  size: 2304066
  md5: 9dfcc7494ff56a76cc9a28c8f3d1259d

## Thumbnail

fileset_id: 90aac7f2-aa0e-452b-9735-926762fd3a66
filename: P-doped ZnO_最終版.pdf