# Double-Layered Electrospun Nanofiber Filter for the Simultaneous Removal of Urea and Ammonium from Blood

https://mdr.nims.go.jp/datasets/e52969ed-c2d6-4955-8926-bffef8abb39d

## File

- [5_Manuscript.pdf](https://mdr.nims.go.jp/filesets/363cff69-32dd-46fb-9071-a11e616b6e7d/download) ([Detail](https://mdr.nims.go.jp/filesets/363cff69-32dd-46fb-9071-a11e616b6e7d.md))

## Id

e52969ed-c2d6-4955-8926-bffef8abb39d

## Local identifier



## Visibility

open_to_public

## State

published

## Created at

2025-01-20T07:23:53.479087Z

## Updated at

2025-11-24T23:30:15.360586Z

## Published at

2025-11-24T23:21:37.011525Z

## Doi

https://doi.org/10.48505/nims.5304

## First published url

https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.4c16068

## Date published

2024-12-11

## Recorded date published

2024-12-11

## Resource type

journal_article

## Manuscript type

accepted_manuscript

## Collection



## Title

- title: Double-Layered Electrospun Nanofiber Filter for the Simultaneous Removal
    of Urea and Ammonium from Blood
  title_type: original
  lang: en

## Description

- description: A major challenge in the development of wearable artificial kidneys
    lies in the efficient removal of urea, which is found at an extremely high concentration
    in the blood of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Urease is an enzyme
    that hydrolyzes urea. While it can efficiently remove urea, toxic ammonium is
    produced as a byproduct. In this study, nanofibers capable of removing both urea
    and ammonium from blood were fabricated. Specifically, urease was immobilized
    on electrospun poly(ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol) (EVOH)/chitosan nanofiber membranes
    via covalent crosslinking. Chitosan not only helped covalent immobilization via
    its free amino groups, but also improved hemocompatibility by suppressing protein
    adhesion. The resulting urease-immobilized EVOH/chitosan nanofibers exhibited
    an outstanding urea removal performance of 690 mg/g per hour. For ammonium removal,
    EVOH nanofiber membranes containing sodium cobalt(II) hexacyanoferrate(II) (NaCoHCF),
    an ammonium adsorbent, were prepared. The fabricated EVOH/NaCoHCF membranes exhibited
    an ammonium adsorption capacity of 135.5 mg/g. The two types of nanofiber membranes
    were combined to form a double-layered nanofiber membrane that was placed in a
    filter holder for continuous-flow cycling experiments. Under such conditions,
    all urea at a concentration similar to that in the blood of CKD patients was degraded
    within 1 hour, and ammonium production was reduced by approximately 90% of the
    normal level. This double-layered nanofiber membrane is a novel material that
    can achieve both urea degradation and ammonium adsorption, and is expected to
    advance the development of wearable artificial kidneys, a game-changer in the
    treatment of CKD.
  description_type: abstract
  lang: und

## Creator

- name: Makoto Sasaki
  role: author
  orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7696-6405
  organization: National Institute for Materials Science
  ror: https://ror.org/026v1ze26
- name: László Szabó
  role: author
  orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4268-4423
  organization: National Institute for Materials Science
  ror: https://ror.org/026v1ze26
- name: Koichiro Uto
  role: author
  orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7091-0585
  organization: National Institute for Materials Science
  ror: https://ror.org/026v1ze26
- name: Mitsuhiro Ebara
  role: author
  orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7906-0350
  organization: National Institute for Materials Science
  ror: https://ror.org/026v1ze26

## Contact agent



## Publisher

organization: American Chemical Society (ACS)

## Managing organization



## Keyword

- subject: nanofibers
  schema: not_defined
- subject: wearable artificial kidney
  schema: not_defined
- subject: urease
  schema: not_defined
- subject: electrospinning
  schema: not_defined
- subject: chitosan
  schema: not_defined

## Rights

- description: This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work
    that appeared in final form in ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, copyright ©
    2024 American Chemical Society after peer review and technical editing by the
    publisher. To access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.4c16068
  identifier: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/

## Other identifier(s)



## Data origin

- data_origin_type: other

## Embargo

start_date: 2024-11-25
end_date: 2025-11-25

## Journal

- title: ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
  issn: '19448252'
  volume: '16'
  issue: '49'
  start_page: 67399
  end_page: 67410

## Conference



## Related item



## Funding

- identifier: JP20H05877
  funder_name: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
- identifier: JP23KJ0260
  funder_name: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
- funder_name: Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology

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## Fileset

- id: 363cff69-32dd-46fb-9071-a11e616b6e7d
  filename: 5_Manuscript.pdf
  content_type: application/pdf
  size: 6268082
  md5: 998ec74b00a3d24a3b305044c95a9ab3

## Thumbnail

fileset_id: 363cff69-32dd-46fb-9071-a11e616b6e7d
filename: 5_Manuscript.pdf