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The superconductor-insulator transition in two-dimensional (2D) systems has been extensively studied as a typical example of quantum phase transition. Recent investigations of highly conductive 2D systems have revealed an intervening metallic regime, in which the electrical resistivity saturates at the limit of zero temperature . The nature and origin of this metallicity remain debated, partly because of the lack of microscopic understanding. In this study, using scanning tunneling spectroscopy we investigate the metallic state and other phases observed in crystalline Pb monoatomic-layer superconductors formed on vicinal semiconducting substrates. Our spectroscopic images reveal stable and isolated vortices in the metallic regime, distinct from delocalized or liquidized vortices. These findings suggest that the saturated resistance in the metallic state arises from the pinning-free vortex motion driven by the finite current applied for the transport measurements. Our disorder-controlled microscopic experiments provide new insights into the fluctuation-induced phases of ultrathin crystalline two-dimensional superconductors.

権利情報:

• Creative Commons BY Attribution 4.0 International
  

キーワード: superconductivity

刊行年月日: 2026-03-20

出版者: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

掲載誌:

• Science Advances (ISSN: 23752548) vol. 12 issue. 12 eadu9610

研究助成金:

• Support for Pioneering Research Initiated by the Next Generation JPMJSP 2108
• the Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research JP18H01876
• the Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research JP19H00859
• the Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research JP20K15166
• the Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research JP20K20904
• the Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research JP21H01817
• the Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research JP22H01961
• the Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research JP22KJ0920
• the Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research JP22H00292
• the Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research JP22K14598

原稿種別: 出版者版 (Version of record)

MDR DOI:

公開URL: https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adu9610

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更新時刻: 2026-03-23 09:31:57 +0900

MDRでの公開時刻: 2026-03-23 12:27:16 +0900