# An air-electrode with hierarchically continuous pore architecture: a step toward “true” lithium–air batteries working with atmospheric oxygen

https://mdr.nims.go.jp/datasets/adbbb310-4a2d-4aff-bc34-81b4bec27487

## File

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- [tsta_a_2658329_sm5789.pdf](https://mdr.nims.go.jp/filesets/564dc2f1-c82a-4924-b479-505ddd704908/download) ([Detail](https://mdr.nims.go.jp/filesets/564dc2f1-c82a-4924-b479-505ddd704908.md))

## Id

adbbb310-4a2d-4aff-bc34-81b4bec27487

## Local identifier



## Visibility

open_to_public

## State

published

## Created at

2026-05-12T01:55:28.466378Z

## Updated at

2026-05-12T04:03:25.757784Z

## Published at

2026-05-12T05:27:15.355383Z

## Doi



## First published url

https://doi.org/10.1080/14686996.2026.2658329

## Date published

2026-12-31

## Recorded date published

2026-12-31

## Resource type

journal_article

## Manuscript type

vor

## Collection



## Title

- title: 'An air-electrode with hierarchically continuous pore architecture: a step
    toward “true” lithium–air batteries working with atmospheric oxygen'
  title_type: original
  lang: en

## Description

- description: Lithium-air batteries (LABs), a high-energy-density battery technology
    beyond lithium-ion batteries, suffer from low power output that virtually limits
    their operation to high concentration O2 atmospheres. The localized oxygen reduction
    reaction (ORR) at the gas surface of air-electrode passivates the electrode, prematurely
    stopping power generation in an atmosphere with air O2. Herein, we have developed
    a carbon nanotube (CNT)-based air-electrode combined with a carbon pater (CP)
    gas diffusion layer (GDL), denoted CNT-with-CP. X-ray computed tomography (XCT)
    and mercury porosimeter analyses revealed a hierarchical pore architecture formed
    between the CNT/CP layers. This architecture is characterized by continuous pore
    distribution between the nanopores of CNT layer and micrometer-sized voids of
    CP. This pore structure allows for consecutive O2 inhalation without passivating
    the gas surface of the air-electrode, enabling high-rate discharge even under
    atmospheric O2 environment. Multiple stacks of CNT-with-CP cathodes and lithium
    foil anodes produced a lightweight Ah-class LAB that operates under atmospheric
    O2 condition. This battery delivered 1.6 Ah capacity at a current rate of 0.1
    A, corresponding to an energy density of 750 Wh kg-1 at a power density of 48
    W kg-1. This is the first case study demonstrating a “true” LAB working by atmospheric
    O2 to provide feasible power output.
  description_type: abstract
  lang: und

## Creator

- name: Akihiro Nomura
  role: author
  orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5012-4739
- name: Kimihiko Ito
  role: author
  orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0611-9590

## Contact agent



## Publisher

organization: Informa UK Limited

## Managing organization



## Keyword

- subject: lithium−air battery
  schema: not_defined
- subject: air-electrode
  schema: not_defined
- subject: hierarchical pore architecture
  schema: not_defined
- subject: carbon nanotube
  schema: not_defined
- subject: carbon paper
  schema: not_defined
- subject: gas diffusion layer
  schema: not_defined
- subject: high energy density
  schema: not_defined
- subject: high power density
  schema: not_defined
- subject: oxygen reduction reaction
  schema: not_defined

## Rights

- identifier: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

## Other identifier(s)



## Data origin



## Embargo



## Journal

- title: Science and Technology of Advanced Materials
  issn: '14686996'
  volume: '27'
  issue: '1'
  article_number: '2658329'

## Conference



## Related item



## Funding

- identifier: JPMJTM22AQ
  funder_name: JST Adaptable and Seamless Technology Transfer Program through Target-Driven
    Research and Development
- identifier: 17K18346
  funder_name: JSPS KAKENHI
- identifier: 24K08154
  funder_name: JSPS KAKENHI

## Instrument



## Instrument operator



## Instrument managing organization



## Measurement method



## Specimen



## Chemical composition



## Structure for specimen



## Structural feature for specimen



## Specific property for specimen



## Process for specimen treatment



## Computational method



## Energy level/transition state



## Software



## Custom property



## Fileset

- id: 4a94f909-6e6a-4fa5-aa92-3dfa330a1ba5
  filename: An air-electrode with hierarchically continuous pore architecture a step
    toward true lithium air batteries working with atmospheric oxygen.pdf
  content_type: application/pdf
  size: 8810055
  md5: 4bba4a5a6f58321dff3c8e3d4d6c174c
- id: 564dc2f1-c82a-4924-b479-505ddd704908
  filename: tsta_a_2658329_sm5789.pdf
  content_type: application/pdf
  size: 2301821
  md5: fcb1f2e977b673b4793976d5cc5e91ab

## Thumbnail

fileset_id: 4a94f909-6e6a-4fa5-aa92-3dfa330a1ba5
filename: An air-electrode with hierarchically continuous pore architecture a step
  toward true lithium air batteries working with atmospheric oxygen.pdf