# Evidence for 4e charge of Cooper quartets in a biased multi-terminal graphene-based Josephson junction

https://mdr.nims.go.jp/datasets/79e598d0-1686-46ec-a131-31be2067267e

## Files

- [s41467-022-30732-7.pdf](https://mdr.nims.go.jp/filesets/a7f8b572-36ca-4ff9-8d67-58363309e991/download) ([Detail](https://mdr.nims.go.jp/filesets/a7f8b572-36ca-4ff9-8d67-58363309e991.md))

## Id

79e598d0-1686-46ec-a131-31be2067267e

## Local identifier



## Visibility

open_to_public

## State

published

## Created at

2025-02-26T08:05:43.871108Z

## Updated at

2025-02-27T07:30:39.553405Z

## Published at

2025-02-27T07:30:39.632514Z

## Doi



## First published url

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-30732-7

## Date published

2022-05-31

## Recorded date published



## Resource type

journal_article

## Manuscript type

vor

## Collection



## Title

- title: Evidence for 4e charge of Cooper quartets in a biased multi-terminal graphene-based
    Josephson junction
  title_type: original
  lang: en

## Description

- description: In a Josephson junction (JJ) at zero bias, Cooper pairs are transported
    between two superconducting contacts via the Andreev bound states (ABSs) formed
    in the Josephson channel. Extending JJs to multiple superconducting contacts,
    the ABSs in the Josephson channel can coherently hybridize Cooper pairs among
    different superconducting electrodes. Biasing three-terminal JJs with antisymmetric
    voltages, for example, results in a direct current (DC) of Cooper quartet (CQ),
    which involves a four-fermion entanglement. Here, we report interference of CQ
    formed in graphene based multi-terminal (MT) JJs with a magnetic flux loop. We
    observe that the critical quartet supercurrent exhibits magneto- oscillations
    associated with a charge of 4e, thereby presenting an evidence for interference
    between different CQ processes. The CQ critical current shows non-monotonic bias
    dependent behavior, which can be modeled by transitions between Floquet-ABSs.
    Our experimental observation for voltage-tunable nonequilibrium CQ-ABS in flux-loop-JJs
    significantly extends our understanding of MT-JJs, enabling future design of topologically
    unique ABS spectrum.
  description_type: abstract
  lang: und

## Creator

- name: Ko-Fan Huang
  role: author
- name: Yuval Ronen
  role: author
- name: Régis Mélin
  role: author
- name: Denis Feinberg
  role: author
- name: Kenji Watanabe
  role: author
  orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3701-8119
  organization: National Institute for Materials Science
- name: Takashi Taniguchi
  role: author
  orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1467-3105
  organization: National Institute for Materials Science
- name: Philip Kim
  role: author

## Contact agent



## Publisher

organization: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

## Managing organization



## Keyword

- subject: Josephson junction
  schema: not_defined
- subject: Cooper quartet
  schema: not_defined
- subject: magnetic flux loop
  schema: not_defined

## Rights

- identifier: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

## Other identifier(s)



## Data origin



## Embargo



## Journal

- title: Nature Communications
  issn: '20411723'
  volume: '13'
  issue: '1'
  article_number: '3032'

## Conference



## Related item



## Funding

- identifier: DMR1809188
  funder_name: National Science Foundation
- identifier: QII-TAQS MPS 1936263
  funder_name: National Science Foundation
- identifier: DE-SC0019300
  funder_name: DOE | Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy

## Instrument



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## Specimen



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## Fileset

- id: a7f8b572-36ca-4ff9-8d67-58363309e991
  filename: s41467-022-30732-7.pdf
  content_type: application/pdf
  size: 1490418
  md5: 97884ace8b611d220c40d45a5192f8bc

## Thumbnail

fileset_id: a7f8b572-36ca-4ff9-8d67-58363309e991
filename: s41467-022-30732-7.pdf