# Terahertz ratchet in graphene two-dimensional metamaterial formed by a patterned gate with an antidot array

https://mdr.nims.go.jp/datasets/54b9014d-1923-4130-8ce0-dfd1608110a8

## File

- [2024A00719G_2402.03956v1.pdf](https://mdr.nims.go.jp/filesets/6fa8901f-850b-4b52-97a7-4f3a17df0019/download) ([Detail](https://mdr.nims.go.jp/filesets/6fa8901f-850b-4b52-97a7-4f3a17df0019.md))

## Id

54b9014d-1923-4130-8ce0-dfd1608110a8

## Local identifier



## Visibility

open_to_public

## State

published

## Created at

2025-08-06T06:13:54.270379Z

## Updated at

2025-08-06T23:30:20.659273Z

## Published at

2025-08-06T23:17:48.220629Z

## Doi



## First published url

https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.109.235428

## Date published

2024-06-21

## Recorded date published

2024-6

## Resource type

journal_article

## Manuscript type

accepted_manuscript

## Collection



## Title

- title: Terahertz ratchet in graphene two-dimensional metamaterial formed by a patterned
    gate with an antidot array
  title_type: original
  lang: en

## Description

- description: We report the observation of the terahertz-induced ratchet effect in
    graphene-based two-dimensional (2D) metamaterials. The metamaterial consists of
    a graphite gate patterned with an array of triangular antidots placed under a
    graphene monolayer. We show that the ratchet current appears due to the noncentrosymmetry
    of the periodic structure unit cell. The ratchet current is generated owing to
    the combined action of a spatially periodic in-plane electrostatic potential and
    a periodically modulated radiation electric field caused by near-field diffraction.
    The magnitude and direction of the ratchet current are shown to be controlled
    by voltages applied to both back and patterned gates, which change the lateral
    asymmetry, carrier type, and density. The phenomenological and microscopic theories
    of ratchet effects in graphene-based 2D metamaterials are developed. The experimental
    data are discussed in the light of the theory based on the solution of the Boltzmann
    kinetic equation and the calculated electrostatic potential profile. The theory
    describes well all the experimental results and shows that the observed ratchet
    current consists of the Seebeck thermoratchet contribution as well as the linear
    ratchet one, which is sensitive to the orientation of the radiation electric field
    vector with respect to the triangles.
  description_type: abstract
  lang: en

## Creator

- name: I. Yahniuk
  role: author
- name: M. Hild
  role: author
- name: L. E. Golub
  role: author
- name: J. Amann
  role: author
- name: J. Eroms
  role: author
- name: D. Weiss
  role: author
- name: Wun-Hao Kang
  role: author
- name: Ming-Hao Liu
  role: author
- name: K. Watanabe
  role: author
  orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3701-8119
  organization: National Institute for Materials Science
- name: T. Taniguchi
  role: author
  orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1467-3105
  organization: National Institute for Materials Science
- name: S. D. Ganichev
  role: author

## Contact agent



## Publisher

organization: American Physical Society (APS)

## Managing organization



## Keyword

- subject: Ratchet effect
  schema: not_defined
- subject: Graphene 2D metamaterials
  schema: not_defined
- subject: Terahertz-induced
  schema: not_defined

## Rights

- identifier: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/

## Other identifier(s)



## Data origin

- data_origin_type: other

## Embargo



## Journal

- title: Physical Review B
  issn: 1550235X
  volume: '109'
  issue: '23'

## Conference



## Related item



## Funding

- identifier: 448955585 (GA501/18)
  funder_name: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- identifier: 314695032 – SFB 1277
  funder_name: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- identifier: 426094608 (ER 612/2-1)
  funder_name: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- identifier: '101053716'
  funder_name: European Commission
- identifier: NSTC 112-2112-M-006-019-MY3
  funder_name: National Science and Technology Council
- identifier: 20H00354
  funder_name: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
- identifier: 23H02052
  funder_name: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
- funder_name: Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology

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## Fileset

- id: 6fa8901f-850b-4b52-97a7-4f3a17df0019
  filename: 2024A00719G_2402.03956v1.pdf
  content_type: application/pdf
  size: 7107770
  md5: 4f15c09e0ae83db9f8c7d458eb143870

## Thumbnail

fileset_id: 6fa8901f-850b-4b52-97a7-4f3a17df0019
filename: 2024A00719G_2402.03956v1.pdf