# Improving the ductility of 2.6-GPa high-carbon martensitic steel by prior bainitic transformation

https://mdr.nims.go.jp/datasets/345186cb-09a3-42dd-b0bb-503666b1a55f

## Files

- [1-s2.0-S0921509326002352-main.pdf](https://mdr.nims.go.jp/filesets/b3de830c-d877-4c6c-80bb-ea8b38c69bbe/download) ([Detail](https://mdr.nims.go.jp/filesets/b3de830c-d877-4c6c-80bb-ea8b38c69bbe.md))

## Id

345186cb-09a3-42dd-b0bb-503666b1a55f

## Local identifier



## Visibility

open_to_public

## State

published

## Created at

2026-02-25T00:33:48.152462Z

## Updated at

2026-02-25T23:30:05.940990Z

## Published at

2026-02-25T08:56:24.441455Z

## Doi



## First published url

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2026.149955

## Date published

2026-02-20

## Recorded date published

2026-4

## Resource type

journal_article

## Manuscript type

vor

## Collection



## Title

- title: Improving the ductility of 2.6-GPa high-carbon martensitic steel by prior
    bainitic transformation
  title_type: original
  lang: en

## Description

- description: In this study, we designed a high-carbon bainite/martensite (B/M) steel
    with 2.64 GPa ultimate strength and over 10% elongation by only heat treatment
    processes to prevent intergranular fracture. Lower bainite was introduced prior
    to martensitic transformation to enhance the prior austenite grain boundaries
    (PAGBs). Blocky retained austenite (RA) was observed adjacent to the bainite sheaves
    along PAGBs. During tensile deformation, significant work hardening behaviour
    was observed, primarily due to the transformation-induced-plasticity (TRIP) effect
    within PAGs. A brittle-to-ductile transition was observed with increasing bainitic
    transformation time at the early stage. Overall, a low fraction of prior lower
    bainite can effectively enhance the ductility of the high-carbon martensite without
    sacrificing its ultrahigh strength.
  description_type: abstract
  lang: und

## Creator

- name: Sien Liu
  role: author
  orcid: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7446-0842
- name: Koyo Shimizu
  role: author
  orcid: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2523-7746
- name: Jiaqiang Dang
  role: author
- name: Karel Blanken
  role: author
  orcid: https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4912-5803
- name: Fabien Briffod
  role: author
  orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3635-4885
- name: Shoichi Nambu
  role: author

## Contact agent



## Publisher

organization: Elsevier BV

## Managing organization



## Keyword

- subject: Bainite
  schema: not_defined
- subject: Prior austenite grain boundary
  schema: not_defined
- subject: Ultrahigh strength
  schema: not_defined
- subject: High-carbon steel
  schema: not_defined

## Rights

- identifier: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

## Other identifier(s)



## Data origin



## Embargo



## Journal

- title: 'Materials Science and Engineering: A'
  issn: '09215093'
  volume: '957'
  article_number: '149955'

## Conference



## Related item



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## Instrument



## Instrument operator



## Instrument managing organization



## Measurement method



## Specimen



## Chemical composition



## Structure for specimen



## Structural feature for specimen



## Specific property for specimen



## Process for specimen treatment



## Computational method



## Energy level/transition state



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## Custom property



## Fileset

- id: b3de830c-d877-4c6c-80bb-ea8b38c69bbe
  filename: 1-s2.0-S0921509326002352-main.pdf
  content_type: application/pdf
  size: 10731872
  md5: 68e7ac2b268b286d968795b800235ee4

## Thumbnail

fileset_id: b3de830c-d877-4c6c-80bb-ea8b38c69bbe
filename: 1-s2.0-S0921509326002352-main.pdf