# Molecular Thermal Engine Based on a Highly Flexible Elastic Crystal

https://mdr.nims.go.jp/datasets/2d1bae15-0cd7-4df1-b204-22117ef00d12

## File

- [Manuscript_revised.pdf](https://mdr.nims.go.jp/filesets/7a5d8cc4-f9bd-478c-b84d-b6bd9c08b8a2/download) ([Detail](https://mdr.nims.go.jp/filesets/7a5d8cc4-f9bd-478c-b84d-b6bd9c08b8a2.md))

## Id

2d1bae15-0cd7-4df1-b204-22117ef00d12

## Local identifier



## Visibility

open_to_public

## State

published

## Created at

2025-11-07T06:56:07.174951Z

## Updated at

2026-04-30T03:01:11.491392Z

## Published at

2026-05-26T23:33:27.101813Z

## Doi

https://doi.org/10.48505/nims.5892

## First published url

https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.5c03529

## Date published

2025-06-18

## Recorded date published

2025-6-18

## Resource type

journal_article

## Manuscript type

accepted_manuscript

## Collection



## Title

- title: Molecular Thermal Engine Based on a Highly Flexible Elastic Crystal
  title_type: original
  lang: en

## Description

- description: Materials that exhibit actuation behaviour in response to external
    stimuli have a wide range of applications due to their ability to convert input
    energy into mechanical work. Common sources of input energy include light and
    chemical energy, frequently used in actuation processes. However, the actuation
    using thermal energy from ambient temperature sources remains challenging for
    both polymer composites and molecule-based crystalline materials. In this study,
    we introduce a novel elastic crystal composed of dodecylated porphyrin molecules,
    exhibiting high flexibility and gradual deformation in response to temperature
    changes. When the crystal with a small weight load was positioned between a high-temperature
    and low-temperature heat source, the crystal exhibited continuous, large, and
    rapid oscillating motions. These oscillations persisted for at least 160 hours,
    corresponding to 3.9 million cycles of deformation, as long as the temperature
    difference was maintained. This study presents the first example of a molecular
    crystal functioning as an engine that can extract the kinetic energy from static
    and ambient temperature sources.
  description_type: abstract
  lang: und

## Creator

- name: Hinako Kato
  role: author
- name: Yoji Horii
  role: author
- name: Chiharu Watanabe
  role: author
- name: Toshiyuki Sasaki
  role: author
- name: Kouhei Ichiyanagi
  role: author
- name: Mariko Noguchi
  role: author
- name: Hiroki Fujimori
  role: author
- name: Taro Yamamoto
  role: author
- name: Hal Suzuki
  role: author
- name: Yuichi Hirai
  role: author
  orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0252-1243
  organization: National Institute for Materials Science
- name: Takahito Ohmura
  role: author
  orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7528-566X
  organization: National Institute for Materials Science
- name: Keigo Yano
  role: author
- name: Shotaro Hayashi
  role: author
- name: Takashi Kajiwara
  role: author

## Contact agent



## Publisher

organization: American Chemical Society (ACS)

## Managing organization



## Keyword

- subject: crystal structure
  schema: not_defined
- subject: actuation
  schema: not_defined
- subject: porphyrin
  schema: not_defined
- subject: nanoindentation
  schema: not_defined
- subject: stimuli responsive
  schema: not_defined
- subject: elastic crystal
  schema: not_defined

## Rights

- description: This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work
    that appeared in final form in Journal of the American Chemical Society, copyright
    © 2025 American Chemical Society after peer review and technical editing by the
    publisher. To access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.5c03529.
  identifier: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/

## Other identifier(s)



## Data origin

- data_origin_type: other

## Embargo

start_date: 2025-05-27
end_date: 2026-05-27

## Journal

- title: Journal of the American Chemical Society
  issn: '00027863'
  volume: '147'
  issue: '24'
  start_page: 20582
  end_page: 20589

## Conference



## Related item



## Funding

- funder_name: Mazda Foundation
- identifier: JP20K15293
  funder_name: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
- identifier: JP21K14645
  funder_name: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
- identifier: JP22K14661
  funder_name: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
- identifier: JP23K04875
  funder_name: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
- identifier: 2024A1219
  funder_name: SPring-8
- identifier: 2024B1168
  funder_name: SPring-8

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## Chemical composition



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## Fileset

- id: 7a5d8cc4-f9bd-478c-b84d-b6bd9c08b8a2
  filename: Manuscript_revised.pdf
  content_type: application/pdf
  size: 873566
  md5: 76806f2f6fdfbb8070a5646c87cfc496

## Thumbnail

fileset_id: 7a5d8cc4-f9bd-478c-b84d-b6bd9c08b8a2
filename: Manuscript_revised.pdf