Nanoarchitectonics for Supercapacitor: Biomass vs. Fullerene

This mini-review paper presents our work on nanoarchitectonics for supercapacitors. We divide it into two categories with different approaches. The first is the development of carbon materials as supercapacitor electrode materials from biomass. This category presents the preparation of carbon materials from natural materials with complex components, such as plant seeds, as starting materials and the development of capacitor properties. The second category is preparing carbon materials using structures created by supramolecular assembly of fullerenes such as C60 and C70. Fullerenes are elementary objects, 0D molecules composed of a single element, carbon. We will demonstrate this approach's versatility and breadth of possibilities by presenting examples using opposite starting materials, a complex natural material, and an ultimately simple molecule. The characteristics of these approaches will also be compared in the final section.